In infants who are younger than 3 months old, temperatures greater than 100,4 degrees Fahrenheit may be a sign of
metabolic acidosis.
a serious infection.
renal artery disease.
a congenital heart defect.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Metabolic acidosis may cause rapid breathing or lethargy but is not primarily indicated by fever.
B. In infants younger than 3 months, a temperature greater than 100.4°F (38°C) is concerning for a serious bacterial or viral infection due to their immature immune systems. Even mild fevers in this age group warrant prompt evaluation for sepsis, urinary tract infections, or meningitis.
C. Renal artery disease does not typically present with isolated fever in young infants.
D. Congenital heart defects may cause cyanosis, tachypnea, or poor feeding, but fever is not a primary sign.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Aspirin is the mainstay of treatment in Kawasaki disease. It serves two critical purposes: reducing inflammation and fever, and preventing coronary artery aneurysms by inhibiting platelet aggregation. High doses are used initially for anti-inflammatory effects, followed by lower doses for antiplatelet therapy.
B. Corticosteroids may be considered in refractory cases but are not first-line therapy for all patients.
C. Penicillin is not used, as Kawasaki disease is not caused by a bacterial infection.
D. Acetaminophen can reduce fever and discomfort but does not prevent cardiovascular complications and is therefore not sufficient as primary therapy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Retapamulin is an antibiotic used for bacterial skin infections, not for scabies.
B. Permethrin 5% cream is the first-line treatment for scabies. It should be applied to the entire body from the neck down (and in infants, also the scalp and face) and left on for 8–14 hours before washing off. A single application is often sufficient, though a second dose may be recommended after 7–14 days if symptoms persist.
C. Clotrimazole is an antifungal used for dermatophyte infections and candidiasis, not for scabies.
D. Hydrocortisone 1% cream can help relieve itching and inflammation but does not treat the underlying scabies infestation.
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