lonizing radiation is more effective than nonionizing radiation in killing or inactivating microbes.
True
False
The Correct Answer is A
A. True: Ionizing radiation (gamma rays, X-rays) penetrates deeply and causes ionizations that break DNA and other critical molecules, making it generally more effective at inactivating microbes and spores than nonionizing UV, which has more limited penetration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. mRNA: Messenger RNA provides the codon template that dictates amino acid sequence but does not physically deliver amino acids.
B. rRNA: Ribosomal RNA is part of the ribosome’s structural and catalytic core and assists in peptide bond formation, but it does not carry individual amino acids.
C. tRNA: Transfer RNA molecules carry specific amino acids to the ribosome and match their anticodon to mRNA codons, delivering the correct amino acids for incorporation into the growing polypeptide.
D. micRNA: MicroRNA (miRNA) are small regulatory RNAs involved in gene expression control, not carriers of amino acids to ribosomes.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"D","dropdown-group-2":"C","dropdown-group-3":"A","dropdown-group-4":"B"}
Explanation
|
Description |
Correct Growth Phase |
Rationale |
|
Cells die at a high rate |
4. Death phase |
In this phase, nutrients are depleted and toxic waste accumulates, leading to a decline in viable cell numbers as death exceeds new cell formation. |
|
Cells are produced at the highest rate |
3. Log phase (Exponential phase) |
Cells divide at their maximum rate, population size doubles regularly, and growth rate is logarithmic. This phase is used to test antibiotics and measure generation time. |
|
Cells adjust to their environment |
1. Lag phase |
Bacteria are metabolically active but not dividing. They are synthesizing enzymes and preparing for cell division. |
|
New cells are produced at the same rate that old cells die |
2. Stationary phase |
The growth curve levels off as nutrient depletion and waste buildup balance cell division and death rates. Population size remains constant. |
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