In SIRS and MODS, why is there an increased need for calories?
To reduce inflammation in the body
Because the total energy expenditure is often increased 1 1/2 to 2 times
To decrease the metabolic rate
To prevent infection in the body
The Correct Answer is B
A. To reduce inflammation in the body:
While proper nutrition supports immune function, caloric needs do not directly reduce inflammation.
B. Because the total energy expenditure is often increased 1½ to 2 times:
In the hypermetabolic state seen in SIRS and MODS, caloric demands are significantly elevated. The body increases energy expenditure to support tissue repair, immune responses, and organ function.
C. To decrease the metabolic rate:
Caloric intake does not reduce metabolic rate; instead, it supports the increased demand.
D. To prevent infection in the body:
While nutrition supports immunity, the primary reason for increased calorie needs is the hypermetabolic response, not direct infection prevention.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypermetabolism:
While it increases the body’s energy demands, hypermetabolism itself does not directly compromise perfusion. It contributes to catabolism and worsening organ function over time, but perfusion deficits are due to vascular and circulatory issues.
B. Hypotension and micro-emboli formation:
Hypotension reduces overall blood flow to organs, and micro-emboli can block capillaries, both of which impair oxygen and nutrient delivery, leading to organ dysfunction/failure.
C. Hyperperfusion:
This is the opposite problem - increased blood flow. SIRS and MODS are marked by hypoperfusion.
D. Hyperglycemia:
Elevated glucose contributes to inflammation and poor outcomes, but it does not directly cause impaired perfusion like hypotension and emboli do.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Septic shock:
Septic shock results from infection-induced vasodilation and capillary leak. It’s not related to blood loss.
B. Obstructive shock:
Obstructive shock is due to mechanical blockage of blood flow, such as in pulmonary embolism or cardiac tamponade. It is not caused by hemorrhage.
C. Hypovolemic shock:
This type of shock is due to loss of intravascular volume, such as hemorrhage. A postoperative blood loss of 800 mL with declining BP fits this condition.
D. Neurogenic shock:
This is caused by spinal cord injury leading to loss of sympathetic tone and hypotension with bradycardia, not blood loss.
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