Jack, a 60-year-old man with a history of smoking and alcohol consumption, has been diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. He is scheduled for a partial laryngectomy. What are the preoperative nursing interventions? Select all that apply.
Educate him on stoma care.
Arrange for him to meet with a support group.
Administer preoperative antibiotics.
Ensure a method for postoperative communication.
Assess for signs of infection or hemorrhage
Correct Answer : A,D
A. As Jack will likely have a stoma after the partial laryngectomy, educating him on stoma care is crucial preoperatively.
B. While support groups may be beneficial for Jack postoperatively, they are not immediate preoperative interventions.
C. Preoperative antibiotics are not routinely indicated for a partial laryngectomy unless there are specific risk factors present.
D. Given the nature of the surgery, ensuring Jack has a method for postoperative communication is important.
E. While assessment for signs of infection or hemorrhage is important, it's more of a perioperative and postoperative nursing intervention.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increasing sun exposure would actually increase the risk of sun damage and skin cancer rather than minimizing it.
B. While water-resistant sunscreens are important for protection during swimming, they are not the only measure needed to reduce sun damage, especially during extended sun exposure periods.
C. A sunscreen with SPF of at least 10 may not provide sufficient protection, especially for someone spending extended periods of time in direct sunlight. Higher SPF is generally recommended.
D. Avoiding direct sun exposure between 10 AM and 2 PM is crucial because during these hours, the sun's rays are the strongest, increasing the risk of sunburn and skin
damage. Opting for shade or protective clothing during these hours can significantly reduce the risk of sun damage.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A CO2 level lower than 20 mm Hg can cause cerebral vasoconstriction and ischemia.
B. The target CO2 level for patients with closed head injury is 20 to 25 mm Hg, which corresponds to a mild hypocapnia that reduces intracranial pressure and improves cerebral blood flow.
C. A CO2 level lower than 20 mm Hg can cause cerebral vasoconstriction and ischemia.
D. A CO2 level higher than 25 mm Hg can increase intracranial pressure and worsen brain edema.
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