Localized hypoxia occurs in rheumatoid arthritis because of:

Joint immobilization

Vasculitis

Blockage of veins resulting in decrease oxygen delivery

Release of synovial enzymes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Joint immobilization may contribute to overall dysfunction but is not the primary cause of localized hypoxia in rheumatoid arthritis.

B. Vasculitis, or inflammation of blood vessels, can lead to localized hypoxia by reducing blood flow to affected areas, contributing to tissue damage in rheumatoid arthritis.

C. While blockage of veins can contribute to localized hypoxia, it is more related to vasculitis in this condition.

D. The release of synovial enzymes may contribute to joint damage but does not directly cause localized hypoxia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. While tests like RF, ESR, and ANA can indicate the presence of rheumatoid arthritis or autoimmune activity, no single test is definitive for diagnosing RA.

B. A positive rheumatoid factor is common in RA but can also be found in other conditions, making it not exclusively diagnostic.

C. An elevated ESR indicates inflammation but is nonspecific and not solely indicative of rheumatoid arthritis.

D. A positive ANA is associated with various autoimmune diseases and is not specific to RA.

A. The influenza virus is capable of antigenic variability. B. Our influenza antibodies undergo apoptosis each year. C. Differentiation D. Proliferation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Antigenic variability in the influenza virus, due to mutations and genetic reassortment, necessitates annual updates to the vaccine to match circulating strains effectively.

B. While antibody levels may decline over time, they do not undergo apoptosis in a way that directly requires annual vaccination.

C. Differentiation is not relevant in this context.

D. Proliferation refers to cell division and is not a primary reason for the need to update the influenza vaccine.

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Localized hypoxia occurs in rheumatoid arthritis because of:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the one definitive test to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The CDC annually advised to update our influenza vaccination. What is the reason for this?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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