Your bacterium is growing on a type of medium called casein agar, which contains milk protein (casein). There is a clear zone around the growth area of the bacterium, showing that it is synthesizing the enzymes needed to catalyze the breakdown of casein. These enzymes are considered:
apoenzymes.
exoenzymes.
ribozymes.
regulated enzymes.
endoenzymes.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Apoenzymes: Apoenzymes are the protein portion of enzymes and do not indicate whether the enzyme is secreted or extracellular.
B. Exoenzymes: Exoenzymes are secreted by the cell into the surrounding medium to hydrolyze large extracellular substrates like casein, producing clear zones around colonies.
C. Ribozymes: Ribozymes are RNA molecules with catalytic activity that function mainly inside cells; they are not secreted protein enzymes that digest extracellular proteins like casein.
D. Regulated enzymes: The enzymes degrading casein may be regulated, but the defining feature shown (activity outside the colony) is secretion, so regulated describes control rather than location of action.
E. Endoenzymes: Endoenzymes act inside the cell; enzymes that produce extracellular clearing of casein are acting outside the cell and therefore are not endoenzymes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. DNA fingerprinting: DNA fingerprinting is mainly used for identification and forensics, and it generally faces minimal ethical opposition.
B. Modification of food crops: Genetic modification of crops raises public and ethical concerns related to environmental impact, safety, and food labeling.
C. Correcting gene defects in animals: Gene therapy in animals has fewer controversies than food crop modification, though it raises welfare concerns.
D. Sequencing of the human genome: Sequencing the human genome itself has faced limited ethical opposition; concerns are more focused on how the data are used, not the sequencing process.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Allosteric inhibition:
Allosteric inhibition involves a molecule binding at a site other than the active site to change enzyme activity; the described action is binding at the active site, so this does not match.
B. Competitive inhibition:
A competitive inhibitor resembles the substrate and competes for binding at the enzyme’s active site; binding prevents the actual substrate from occupying the active site, which fits the description of sulfanilamide.
C. Excitatory allosteric control:
This term implies activation via an allosteric site rather than inhibition at the active site and does not describe substrate mimicry binding the active site.
D. Noncompetitive inhibition:
Noncompetitive inhibitors bind at a different site and reduce enzyme activity regardless of substrate concentration; they do not typically resemble the substrate or compete for the active site.
E. Feedback inhibition:
Feedback inhibition occurs when an end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme earlier in that pathway, usually via allosteric binding; the scenario describes direct active-site competition rather than pathway end-product regulation.
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