A client who received a blood transfusion starts experiencing abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
What type of transfusion reaction is the client likely experiencing?
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
Acute hemolytic reaction.
Allergic reaction.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is characterized by symptoms related to fluid overload, such as dyspnea and fluid accumulation, but not abdominal symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Choice B rationale:
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) primarily presents with respiratory symptoms and is not associated with gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Choice C rationale:
Acute hemolytic reactions occur when there is a mismatch between the donor and recipient blood types, resulting in rapid destruction of transfused red blood cells.
Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which are consistent with the client's presentation described in the question.
Choice D rationale:
Allergic reactions to blood transfusions typically present with symptoms like itching, hives, and flushing, but not with gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A+ blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type O-.
The rationale is that the recipient, in this case, does not have antibodies against the A antigen, which is present on A+ blood.
Therefore, there is no antigen-antibody reaction.
Choice B rationale:
B- blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type O-.
The rationale is similar to choice A, as the recipient does not have antibodies against the B antigen, which is present on B- blood.
Choice C rationale:
AB+ blood contains both A and B antigens and RhD antigen, which can potentially react with antibodies present in a client with blood type O-.
Therefore, it is not safe to transfuse AB+ blood to a client with blood type O-.
Choice D rationale:
O+ blood can be safely transfused to a client with blood type O-.
The rationale is that O+ blood does not have A or B antigens, which could react with antibodies present in the recipient.
Choice E rationale:
O- blood is compatible with blood type O- because it does not contain A, B, or RhD antigens, which could be targeted by antibodies in the recipient.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Delayed hemolytic reaction occurs more than 24 hours after a blood transfusion and is characterized by a drop in hemoglobin levels, jaundice, and a positive direct antiglobulin test (Coombs test)
It does not typically present with fever, rash, and pancytopenia, so it is not the best choice for the given symptoms.
Choice B rationale:
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a condition where donor T lymphocytes attack the recipient's tissues, often seen in bone marrow or stem cell transplant recipients.
While it can cause pancytopenia, it typically occurs within a few weeks of transplantation, not four weeks after a blood transfusion.
Therefore, it is less likely to be the cause in this scenario.
Choice C rationale:
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) occurs when viable T lymphocytes in the transfused blood attack the recipient's tissues.
Symptoms can include fever, rash, diarrhea, and pancytopenia.
TA-GVHD is a delayed complication of transfusion that typically presents about 1 to 6 weeks post-transfusion, making it the most likely cause of the symptoms described in the scenario.
Choice D rationale:
Post-transfusion purpura is a rare condition that occurs 5 to 12 days after a transfusion and is characterized by sudden severe thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) and bleeding, often in the form of purpura.
It does not typically present with fever, rash, and pancytopenia, so it is not the best choice for the given symptoms.
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