In addition to assessing peripheral pulses and auscultating the patient’s heart and lung sounds, which action will be implemented by the nurse before a cardiac catheterization? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Instruct the patient to withhold any medication for diuretic therapy.

Prepare to administer fluids 2 hours before the procedure for patients with renal dysfunction.

Advise the patient to take all anticoagulants.

Administer steroids if the patient has an allergy to iodine-based contrast.

Ensure that the patient is NPO for a minimum of 2 hours before the procedure.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

Choice A: Instruct the patient to withhold any medication for diuretic therapy.

Reason: Diuretics can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can complicate the cardiac catheterization procedure. Withholding diuretics helps to maintain fluid balance and reduce the risk of complications during the procedure

Choice B: Prepare to administer fluids 2 hours before the procedure for patients with renal dysfunction.

Reason: Administering fluids before the procedure helps to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy, especially in patients with renal dysfunction. Hydration helps to flush out the contrast material used during the procedure, reducing the risk of kidney damage.

Choice C: Advise the patient to take all anticoagulants.

Reason: This choice is incorrect. Patients are usually advised to withhold anticoagulants before a cardiac catheterization to reduce the risk of bleeding complications. The decision to continue or withhold anticoagulants should be based on a careful assessment of the patient’s risk of thromboembolism versus the risk of bleeding.

Choice D: Administer steroids if the patient has an allergy to iodine-based contrast.

Reason: Administering steroids is a common premedication strategy for patients with a known allergy to iodine-based contrast media. Steroids help to reduce the risk of an allergic reaction during the procedure.

Choice E: Ensure that the patient is NPO for a minimum of 2 hours before the procedure.

Reason: Ensuring that the patient is NPO (nothing by mouth) helps to reduce the risk of aspiration during the procedure. Typically, patients are advised to be NPO for 6-8 hours before the procedure, but a minimum of 2 hours is essential.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: A buffalo hump is a characteristic sign of Cushing’s syndrome. It refers to the accumulation of fat on the back of the neck and shoulders. This symptom occurs due to the excessive production of cortisol, which leads to abnormal fat distribution in the body.

Choice B reason: Moon face is another hallmark of Cushing’s syndrome. It describes the rounding and fullness of the face, which results from fat deposits. This symptom is also caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol.

Choice C reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is commonly associated with Cushing’s syndrome. Cortisol increases blood pressure by enhancing the sensitivity of blood vessels to catecholamines and by promoting sodium and water retention.

Choice D reason: Purple striations, or stretch marks, are often seen in individuals with Cushing’s syndrome. These marks typically appear on the abdomen, thighs, breasts, and arms. They result from the thinning of the skin and the breakdown of collagen due to elevated cortisol levels.

Choice E reason: Tremors are not typically associated with Cushing’s syndrome. While Cushing’s syndrome can cause a variety of symptoms, tremors are more commonly linked to other conditions such as hyperthyroidism or neurological disorders.

A. Decreased thyroxine (T4) level. B. Decreased triiodothyronine (T3) level. C. Decreased thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) percentage. D. Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

A decreased thyroxine (T4) level is not expected in a client with Graves’ disease. Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones, including T4. Therefore, the T4 level is typically elevated, not decreased.

Choice B Reason:

Similarly, a decreased triiodothyronine (T3) level is not expected in Graves’ disease. Like T4, T3 levels are usually elevated due to the overactive thyroid gland. T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone and is often increased in hyperthyroid conditions.

Choice C Reason:

Decreased thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) percentage is incorrect. In Graves’ disease, TSI levels are elevated because these antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones. TSI mimics the action of TSH, leading to increased production of T3 and T4.

Choice D Reason:

Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is the correct answer. In Graves’ disease, the excessive thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) exert negative feedback on the pituitary gland, leading to suppressed TSH production. Therefore, TSH levels are typically low in patients with Graves’ disease.

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In addition to assessing peripheral pulses and auscultating the patient’s heart and lung sounds, which action will be implemented by the nurse before a cardiac catheterization? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing’s syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing’s syndrome? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has Graves’ disease. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory results?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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