The establishment of priorities of care during the planning phase of the nursing process often uses the framework of:

Step 1: Add 12 to the hour if the time is PM. Since 4: am is in the morning, no change to the hour is needed.

Step 2: Combine the hour and minutes, separated by a colon. The military time is 0438.

Choice A rationale

Using correction tape is inappropriate as it obscures the original entry, violating the principle of maintaining a clear and accurate audit trail. This makes it impossible to determine what the original error was and who made it, which is crucial for accountability and legal purposes in healthcare documentation.

Choice B rationale

Shredding the original forms and rewriting them is unacceptable because it completely eliminates the original record. This action could be interpreted as an attempt to conceal errors or misrepresent information, which carries significant legal and ethical implications in patient care documentation.

Choice C rationale

Blacking out the error with a thick marker obscures the original information, making it impossible to review the mistake and understand the context. This method does not allow for verification of the initial entry or tracking of the correction process, which is essential for maintaining accurate medical records.

Choice D rationale

Drawing a single line through the incorrect information, making the correction clearly beside it, and then initialing and dating the change maintains the integrity of the original record while indicating who made the correction and when. This method ensures transparency and accountability in documentation, adhering to legal and professional standards for error correction in medical charts.