The nerve that stimulates the diaphragm is:
Phrenic
Pons
Sciatic
Accessory
The Correct Answer is A
A. The phrenic nerve is responsible for stimulating the diaphragm to contract and initiate breathing. It originates from the cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5) and plays a critical role in respiration.
B. The pons is a part of the brainstem involved in regulating breathing patterns but is not a nerve itself.
C. The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body, primarily responsible for motor and sensory functions in the lower limbs, not for breathing.
D. The accessory nerve (Cranial Nerve XI) is involved in motor functions of the neck and shoulders, not the diaphragm.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Apnea refers to a complete cessation of breathing, not just a decrease in depth and rate.
B. Hypoxemia is a condition characterized by low oxygen levels in the blood, but it does not specifically refer to breathing rate or depth.
C. Hypoxia is a broader term indicating low oxygen supply to tissues, which can result from various causes, including but not limited to respiratory issues.
D. Hypopnea specifically means shallow or slow breathing, indicating a reduction in both the rate and depth of respiration. It is often seen in sleep-related breathing disorders and can lead to decreased oxygenation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A pneumothorax occurs when there is a collapse of the lung due to air entering the pleural cavity, but this is not directly related to the lungs dropping below atmospheric pressure.
B. Air flows out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is higher than atmospheric pressure (e.g., during exhalation).
C. When the pressure in the lungs drops below atmospheric pressure, it creates a vacuum effect, causing air to flow into the lungs during inhalation. This is how normal breathing works.
D. Bronchiolar constriction can cause respiratory distress, but it is not directly linked to a drop in lung pressure. Instead, constriction happens due to factors like asthma or allergies, not pressure changes.
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