The nurse caring for an 8-year-old boy is trying to encourage developmental growth. What activity can the nurse provide for the child to encourage his sense of industry?
Provide the child with his homework his teacher sent for him
Allow the child to choose what time to take his medications
Allow the child to help with his dressing change
Allow the child to assist with his bath
The Correct Answer is C
Industry vs inferiority (Erikson’s psychosocial stage for school-age children) is characterized by developing competence, achievement motivation, skill mastery, and social productivity through tasks and cooperation, especially through participation in meaningful activities and responsibilities.
Rationale:
A. Providing homework supports academic responsibility but does not directly promote active participation in care-related tasks or mastery experiences within the hospital setting. It may reinforce school functioning but does not strongly enhance industry development in a clinical environment.
B. Allowing medication timing choices gives limited autonomy, which is more aligned with autonomy development rather than industry. It does not involve skill acquisition or task completion, so it does not effectively promote competence building in Erikson’s stage.
C. Assisting with a dressing change promotes active participation, skill learning, and a sense of accomplishment. School-age children develop industry through contributing to meaningful tasks, and involvement in simple clinical care enhances confidence, mastery, and perceived competence.
D. Helping with bathing encourages independence but is primarily related to self-care skills rather than structured task mastery or achievement within a guided activity. While beneficial, it is less directly linked to industry compared to participation in clinical procedures like dressing care.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Hospitalization in preschool children triggers separation anxiety, loss of control, and fear of bodily harm due to limited cognitive understanding. Effective adaptation requires supportive environment, familiarity, play-based communication, and promotion of autonomy to reduce stress responses.
Rationale:
A. Encouraging personalization of space supports preschooler adaptation by promoting familiarity and control. Familiar objects reduce anxiety and enhance psychological security during hospitalization. It helps maintain continuity between home and hospital environment, improving emotional adjustment and cooperation with care.
B. Making meal choices for the child reduces autonomy and increases perceived loss of control. Preschool children benefit from limited choices to support independence. Full nurse-directed decisions may increase resistance and anxiety, negatively affecting cooperation with hospitalization routines and feeding behaviors.
C. Discouraging social interaction limits peer-based coping and play therapy benefits. Interaction with other children supports normalization of hospital experience. Isolation may increase fear and regression behaviors. Controlled socialization improves emotional expression and reduces stress in hospitalized preschool children significantly.
D. Avoiding detailed procedure explanation increases fear and mistrust in preschool children. They benefit from simple, honest explanations using age-appropriate language. Lack of preparation may increase anticipatory anxiety and behavioral distress during procedures, reducing cooperation and trust in healthcare providers.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
School-age children use expressive activities, cognitive processing, emotional articulation, and symbolic play to cope with stress and painful medical experiences. Art-based interventions facilitate psychological processing of procedural trauma and reduce internalized anxiety responses.
Rationale:
A. Distraction from pain is a short-term coping strategy but not the primary therapeutic rationale for drawing in school-age children. Although it may reduce immediate distress, it does not address emotional processing of procedural experience or facilitate psychological expression.
B. Quiet play does not directly stabilize vital signs in a clinically meaningful or targeted way. Physiological stabilization occurs through pain control and autonomic regulation. Drawing is not primarily used for hemodynamic stabilization after procedures in pediatric care.
C. Rapport building may occur indirectly, but the main therapeutic purpose is not relationship establishment. The intervention is primarily focused on emotional expression rather than nurse-child relationship development, making this option incomplete as the best rationale.
D. Drawing allows emotional expression and helps the child process procedural pain experiences cognitively and psychologically. School-age children use symbolic representation to communicate feelings they may not verbalize. It supports coping, reduces anxiety, and facilitates healthy emotional adjustment after painful interventions.
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