The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed chlorpromazine. The nurse correctly identifies which of the client's body system as being associated with the majority of the medications adverse effects?

renal

central nervous system (CNS)

cardiovascular

integumentary

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. renal: Chlorpromazine is metabolized primarily in the liver and excreted via the kidneys, but it does not commonly cause renal toxicity. The renal system is not the main site of adverse effects for this medication.

B. central nervous system (CNS): Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic that works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. The majority of its adverse effects are CNS-related, including sedation, extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

C. cardiovascular: Although chlorpromazine can cause hypotension and prolong the QT interval, cardiovascular effects are less common than CNS effects. They are important to monitor but not the predominant source of adverse reactions.

D. integumentary: Skin-related effects such as photosensitivity or allergic reactions may occur but are relatively rare. The integumentary system is not the primary body system affected by chlorpromazine’s mechanism or side effect profile.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Humulin N: Humulin N is an intermediate-acting insulin with an onset of 1 to 2 hours. It does not act rapidly enough to require coordination with meal delivery and can be given well in advance of meals to provide basal coverage.

B. Humalog: Humalog (insulin lispro) is a rapid-acting insulin that begins to lower blood glucose within 15 minutes of administration. To prevent hypoglycemia, it should be given only when the meal is about to be consumed or when the tray is present.

C. Lantus: Lantus (insulin glargine) is a long-acting basal insulin with no significant peak and a slow onset. It is typically administered once daily, regardless of meal timing, and does not need to be timed with food delivery.

D. NPH insulin: NPH insulin is another intermediate-acting insulin with a slower onset than rapid-acting insulins. While it may be administered before meals, it does not require the immediate presence of food and has a delayed peak.

A. decreasing intestinal motility B. absorbing toxins C. binding with fecal material to increase bulk D. blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. decreasing intestinal motility: Loperamide is an opioid-receptor agonist that works primarily by slowing peristalsis in the intestines. This prolongs transit time, allowing more water and electrolytes to be absorbed, which leads to firmer stools and reduced frequency.

B. absorbing toxins: Loperamide does not have the ability to bind or neutralize intestinal toxins. Medications such as activated charcoal or specific antibiotics are used in cases where toxin absorption or elimination is necessary, not loperamide.

C. binding with fecal material to increase bulk: Bulk-forming agents like psyllium work by increasing stool mass to stimulate bowel movement. Loperamide has the opposite effect, reducing motility rather than promoting it, and does not act by bulking the stool.

D. blocking the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ): The CTZ is involved in nausea and vomiting, not diarrhea. Drugs that block the CTZ, such as ondansetron or metoclopramide, are used as antiemetics, not antidiarrheals like loperamide.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed chlorpromazine. The nurse correctly identifies which of the client's body system as being associated with the majority of the medications adverse effects?

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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