The nurse is caring for a client with 40% full thickness burned total body surface area (TBSA) in the Emergency Department. The nurse is awaiting transfer to a regional burn center within 20 minutes. What is the most appropriate initial wound care management while awaiting transfer?

Gently cleanse the wounds with warm soapy water

Remove blistered skin and cover with a dry dressing

Apply saline soaked wet-to-dry dressings

Cover with a clean dry sheet to prevent hypothermia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Gently cleanse the wounds with warm soapy water

Initial burn care focuses on preventing hypothermia and infection. Cleaning is usually performed in a controlled setting like a burn unit, not in the emergency phase.

B. Remove blistered skin and cover with a dry dressing

Blisters should not be removed in the initial phase unless they are large and tense. Removal increases the risk of infection.

C. Apply saline-soaked wet-to-dry dressings

Wet dressings can lead to hypothermia in burn patients, which worsens outcomes. Dry coverings are preferred.

D. Cover with a clean dry sheet to prevent hypothermia

Burn patients lose heat rapidly due to loss of skin integrity. Covering with a clean, dry sheet helps prevent hypothermia and infection before transfer.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. is expected to be decreased for three to five days.
In the initial stages following severe burn injury, there is often oliguria (low urine output), but this is typically followed by diuresis (increased urine output) after the first 24-48 hours, not a decrease over 3-5 days.

B. will be reduced in the first 24-48 hours and will then increase.
In the first 24-48 hours following a severe burn injury, the body may undergo a state of hypovolemia and oliguria. As fluid resuscitation begins, urine output typically increases.

C. output will be greatest in the first 24 hours after the burn injury.
Although urine output may increase with proper fluid resuscitation, it is not usually greatest in the first 24 hours; the increase typically happens after the initial resuscitation period.

D. will be elevated due to the amount of intravenous fluids administered during the initial phases of treatment.
While fluid resuscitation leads to an increase in urine output after the first 24-48 hours, it is not expected to be elevated right away. The kidneys may initially respond with oliguria.

A. Wearing sunglasses while symptomatic B. Applying an eye patch before sleep C. An antihistamine eye drop D. Antibiotic ophthalmic ointment

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Wearing sunglasses while symptomatic

Sunglasses reduce photophobia, but they do not prevent corneal damage from dryness.

B. Applying an eye patch before sleep

Bell's palsy affects cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), leading to incomplete eye closure. This can cause corneal abrasions and dryness. An eye patch at night prevents corneal injury.

C. An antihistamine eye drop

Antihistamine eye drops may dry out the eye further, worsening the risk of corneal injury.

D. Antibiotic ophthalmic ointment

Antibiotics are not necessary unless an infection is present. Lubricating drops or artificial tears are more appropriate.

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The nurse is caring for a client with 40% full thickness burned total body surface area (TBSA) in the Emergency Department. The nurse is awaiting transfer to a regional burn center within 20 minutes. What is the most appropriate initial wound care management while awaiting transfer?

Nursing Test Bank

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