The nurse is caring for a client who presents with a chemical burn to the right hand, what should the nurse do first?
Elevate the extremity and apply an ice pack to the injured area
Contact poison control to determine the best neutralizing agent
Apply a sterile dressing, wrapping the fingers separately
Irrigate the affected area with room temperature water
The Correct Answer is D
A. Elevate the extremity and apply an ice pack to the injured area
Elevating the extremity can help reduce swelling, but applying ice is not recommended for chemical burns as it can cause further tissue damage.
B. Contact poison control to determine the best neutralizing agent
While contacting poison control is important, it should not be the immediate first action in an emergency setting.
C. Apply a sterile dressing, wrapping the fingers separately
This is important for protecting the wound, but it is not the immediate first action needed for chemical burns.
D. Irrigate the affected area with room temperature water
Immediate irrigation with room temperature water helps to remove the chemical from the skin and dilute its effect, which is the first critical step in managing a chemical burn.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. D-dimer, fibrinogen, and fibrin degradation products is correct because these tests reflect the excessive clotting and fibrinolysis seen in DIC: D-dimer: Elevated due to fibrin breakdown. Fibrinogen: Decreased due to excessive consumption. Fibrin degradation products (FDPs): Increased due to breakdown of fibrin clots.
B. Fibrin degradation products, lactic acid, and complete blood count is incorrect because lactic acid is more useful in sepsis evaluation, not DIC diagnosis.
C. Complete blood count, platelets, and prothrombin time is incorrect because while platelets may be low and PT may be prolonged, these tests alone are not specific for DIC.
D. Prothrombin time, form level, and d-dimer is incorrect because “form level” is not a relevant test, and PT alone is not sufficient for DIC diagnosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Wearing sunglasses while symptomatic
Sunglasses reduce photophobia, but they do not prevent corneal damage from dryness.
B. Applying an eye patch before sleep
Bell's palsy affects cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), leading to incomplete eye closure. This can cause corneal abrasions and dryness. An eye patch at night prevents corneal injury.
C. An antihistamine eye drop
Antihistamine eye drops may dry out the eye further, worsening the risk of corneal injury.
D. Antibiotic ophthalmic ointment
Antibiotics are not necessary unless an infection is present. Lubricating drops or artificial tears are more appropriate.
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