The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with asthma. Which assessment data indicates the need for an immediate intervention?

Bradypnea.

Decreased respiratory rate

Increased crackles

Diminished breath sounds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Bradypnea, or a slow respiratory rate, is concerning but not typically associated with asthma exacerbations. In asthma, patients usually experience tachypnea (increased respiratory rate) as they try to compensate for difficulty breathing.
B.   A decreased respiratory rate in an asthma patient can be alarming, but it may not necessarily indicate an immediate need for intervention unless it’s associated with other severe symptoms. In general, asthma patients often have an increased respiratory rate due to respiratory distress.
C.   While crackles can indicate fluid in the lungs and may suggest an underlying issue, they are not the most immediate concern in a patient with asthma. Crackles can occur in various conditions, and they alone may not necessitate urgent intervention.
D.   Diminished breath sounds are a critical finding in asthma patients. This may indicate severe airway obstruction or a lack of air movement due to severe bronchospasm. In the context of asthma, diminished breath sounds can signify that the patient is not able to move air effectively, which requires immediate intervention to prevent respiratory failure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Rhonchi are abnormal lung sounds that result from obstruction or secretions in larger airways. They are more commonly associated with conditions like chronic bronchitis or COPD rather than tuberculosis. While TB can lead to various lung sounds, rhonchi are not a hallmark of the disease.
B. Weight gain is generally not associated with tuberculosis. In fact, TB often leads to weight loss due to factors like loss of appetite, increased metabolic demand, and systemic effects of the infection. Patients with active TB frequently present with cachexia (wasting) or weight loss, not weight gain.
C. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is a significant and classic symptom associated with tuberculosis, especially in cases involving pulmonary TB. It occurs due to the erosion of blood vessels in the lungs as the disease progresses. This makes it a strong correlating finding with a diagnosis of tuberculosis.
D. Frothy sputum is more characteristic of pulmonary edema or conditions such as congestive heart failure. In tuberculosis, sputum may be mucoid or purulent and sometimes contains blood, but it is not typically described as frothy.

A. Bronchodilation. B. Decrease in peak expiratory flow. C. Thinner respiratory secretions. D. Increase in respiratory rate.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Beta-adrenergic agents (often called bronchodilators) work by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the airway smooth muscle, leading to relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the airways. This helps improve airflow and relieve symptoms of asthma.
B. A beta-adrenergic agent should ideally increase peak expiratory flow (PEF) by dilating the airways and improving airflow, not decrease it.
C. This is not a direct action of beta-adrenergic agents. While some medications (like mucolytics or certain expectorants) can thin secretions, beta-adrenergic agents primarily focus on bronchodilation and do not significantly affect the viscosity of respiratory secretions.
D. While beta-adrenergic agents can sometimes cause mild tachycardia (increased heart rate) as a side effect, they are not intended to increase the respiratory rate directly. The primary goal of these medications is to improve airway patency rather than change the rate of breathing.

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The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with asthma. Which assessment data indicates the need for an immediate intervention?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which assessment finding correlates with this diagnosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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