The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with asthma. Which assessment data indicates the need for an immediate intervention?

Bradypnea.

Decreased respiratory rate

Increased crackles

Diminished breath sounds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Bradypnea, or a slow respiratory rate, is concerning but not typically associated with asthma exacerbations. In asthma, patients usually experience tachypnea (increased respiratory rate) as they try to compensate for difficulty breathing.
B.   A decreased respiratory rate in an asthma patient can be alarming, but it may not necessarily indicate an immediate need for intervention unless it’s associated with other severe symptoms. In general, asthma patients often have an increased respiratory rate due to respiratory distress.
C.   While crackles can indicate fluid in the lungs and may suggest an underlying issue, they are not the most immediate concern in a patient with asthma. Crackles can occur in various conditions, and they alone may not necessitate urgent intervention.
D.   Diminished breath sounds are a critical finding in asthma patients. This may indicate severe airway obstruction or a lack of air movement due to severe bronchospasm. In the context of asthma, diminished breath sounds can signify that the patient is not able to move air effectively, which requires immediate intervention to prevent respiratory failure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This statement is not necessarily true for every situation. While close contacts of a person with active TB may need to be tested and could receive preventive treatment (especially if they are at high risk), not all family members will automatically need to take medications.
B. A standard treatment regimen for active pulmonary TB typically lasts at least 6 months, and sometimes longer, depending on the specific circumstances (e.g., drug resistance, extent of disease). Consistent adherence to the medication regimen is crucial to ensure effective treatment and prevent the development of drug-resistant TB.
C. The Mantoux test (or tuberculin skin test) may remain positive even after successful treatment for TB, as it indicates past exposure rather than active disease. The decision to discontinue medications is based on clinical and microbiological evaluations, not solely on the Mantoux test result.
D. While it is crucial for the client to complete the full course of prescribed medications, they do not need to take them for life. Treatment typically lasts for 6 to 9 months, and clients should not continue medication indefinitely. It is essential to emphasize adherence to the treatment regimen but also to note that it is finite.

A. Anemia B. Glaucoma C. Kidney disease D. Cataracts

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Anemia itself is not typically a direct cause of secondary hypertension. While severe anemia can sometimes lead to changes in blood pressure, it is not recognized as a common or identifiable cause of secondary hypertension. Therefore, this option is not the best answer.
B. Glaucoma primarily affects eye health and is characterized by increased intraocular pressure. While there is some association between systemic hypertension and glaucoma, glaucoma is not considered a direct cause of secondary hypertension. It’s more of a complication that can occur in patients with high blood pressure rather than a cause of it.
C. Kidney disease is one of the most common and significant causes of secondary hypertension. Conditions such as chronic kidney disease or renal artery stenosis can lead to increased blood pressure due to fluid retention and changes in hormonal regulation (like the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system). Therefore, this option is a highly identifiable cause of secondary hypertension.
D. Cataracts involve the clouding of the lens of the eye and are typically related to aging and other factors such as diabetes. While cataracts can be associated with systemic diseases like diabetes and hypertension, they are not considered a direct cause of secondary hypertension.

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The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with asthma. Which assessment data indicates the need for an immediate intervention?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is instructing a client who is newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications. Which of th following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client is admitted to the hospital with a long history of hypertension. The nurse should assess the client for which identifiable cause of secondary hypertension?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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