A client is admitted to the hospital for medical treatment of pneumonia. What diagnostic test would the nurse examine to help the health care provider to determine the next step in planning care?

Pulse oximetry

Bronchoscopy

Pulmonary function studies

Culture and sensitivity tests of sputum

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   While pulse oximetry is important for assessing oxygen saturation and determining if supplemental oxygen is needed, it does not provide specific information about the type of pneumonia or the causative organism. It’s more of a monitoring tool than a diagnostic test to guide treatment planning.
B.   Bronchoscopy can be useful for visualizing the airways and obtaining samples if the pneumonia is severe or complicated (e.g., suspected abscess or obstruction). However, it is not routinely performed for all pneumonia cases and is not the first-line diagnostic test for planning care.
C.   Pulmonary function tests assess lung capacity and airflow but are not directly useful for diagnosing pneumonia or guiding immediate treatment plans. They are more relevant for chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma or COPD.
D.   Sputum culture and sensitivity tests are critical in pneumonia cases as they help identify the specific organism causing the infection and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment. This information is essential for guiding the healthcare provider in planning appropriate and targeted therapy, especially in cases of community-acquired versus hospital-acquired pneumonia.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This is the mechanism of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, not calcium channel blockers. ACE inhibitors work by preventing the formation of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict.
B. Calcium channel blockers do not directly affect angiotensin.
C. This is the correct mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers. By blocking the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells, these medications cause the blood vessels to relax and dilate, lowering blood pressure.
D. Calcium channel blockers work by relaxing the smooth muscle of the blood vessels, which decreases their ability to contract and cause vasoconstriction.

A. Bronchodilation. B. Decrease in peak expiratory flow. C. Thinner respiratory secretions. D. Increase in respiratory rate.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Beta-adrenergic agents (often called bronchodilators) work by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the airway smooth muscle, leading to relaxation of the muscles and dilation of the airways. This helps improve airflow and relieve symptoms of asthma.
B. A beta-adrenergic agent should ideally increase peak expiratory flow (PEF) by dilating the airways and improving airflow, not decrease it.
C. This is not a direct action of beta-adrenergic agents. While some medications (like mucolytics or certain expectorants) can thin secretions, beta-adrenergic agents primarily focus on bronchodilation and do not significantly affect the viscosity of respiratory secretions.
D. While beta-adrenergic agents can sometimes cause mild tachycardia (increased heart rate) as a side effect, they are not intended to increase the respiratory rate directly. The primary goal of these medications is to improve airway patency rather than change the rate of breathing.

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A client is admitted to the hospital for medical treatment of pneumonia. What diagnostic test would the nurse examine to help the health care provider to determine the next step in planning care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In administering a calcium channel blocker to a patient diagnosed with primary hypertension, the nurse understands this is due to which mechanism of action of this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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