A client is admitted to the hospital for medical treatment of pneumonia. What diagnostic test would the nurse examine to help the health care provider to determine the next step in planning care?
Pulse oximetry
Bronchoscopy
Pulmonary function studies
Culture and sensitivity tests of sputum
The Correct Answer is D
A. While pulse oximetry is important for assessing oxygen saturation and determining if supplemental oxygen is needed, it does not provide specific information about the type of pneumonia or the causative organism. It’s more of a monitoring tool than a diagnostic test to guide treatment planning.
B. Bronchoscopy can be useful for visualizing the airways and obtaining samples if the pneumonia is severe or complicated (e.g., suspected abscess or obstruction). However, it is not routinely performed for all pneumonia cases and is not the first-line diagnostic test for planning care.
C. Pulmonary function tests assess lung capacity and airflow but are not directly useful for diagnosing pneumonia or guiding immediate treatment plans. They are more relevant for chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma or COPD.
D. Sputum culture and sensitivity tests are critical in pneumonia cases as they help identify the specific organism causing the infection and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment. This information is essential for guiding the healthcare provider in planning appropriate and targeted therapy, especially in cases of community-acquired versus hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While this information is important for understanding the cause of the asthma exacerbation, it is not the most critical piece of information needed for immediate treatment.
B. Knowing when the symptoms began can help determine the severity of the exacerbation and the need for additional interventions. However, it is not as important as knowing the last dose of medication.
C. This information is crucial for determining the appropriate treatment. If the child has not received their regular medications as prescribed, they may need additional doses to manage the exacerbation.
D. Knowing the child's history of asthma exacerbations is important for assessing the severity of the current episode and planning long-term management. However, it is not the most critical piece of information needed for immediate treatment.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Rhonchi are abnormal lung sounds that result from obstruction or secretions in larger airways. They are more commonly associated with conditions like chronic bronchitis or COPD rather than tuberculosis. While TB can lead to various lung sounds, rhonchi are not a hallmark of the disease.
B. Weight gain is generally not associated with tuberculosis. In fact, TB often leads to weight loss due to factors like loss of appetite, increased metabolic demand, and systemic effects of the infection. Patients with active TB frequently present with cachexia (wasting) or weight loss, not weight gain.
C. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is a significant and classic symptom associated with tuberculosis, especially in cases involving pulmonary TB. It occurs due to the erosion of blood vessels in the lungs as the disease progresses. This makes it a strong correlating finding with a diagnosis of tuberculosis.
D. Frothy sputum is more characteristic of pulmonary edema or conditions such as congestive heart failure. In tuberculosis, sputum may be mucoid or purulent and sometimes contains blood, but it is not typically described as frothy.
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