The nurse is caring for a patient with psoriasis. Which assessment finding is consistent with psoriasis?
Clear and smooth skin without any changes.
Red and raised skin patches with silver scales.
Skin rash with fluid-filled blisters.
Purple or red lumps under the skin.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: Psoriasis is characterized by red and raised skin patches covered with silver or white scales. These patches are often itchy and can be found on various parts of the body, such as the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back.
Incorrect choices: a. Clear and smooth skin without any changes is not consistent with psoriasis, which is marked by visible skin changes like red, raised patches.
c. Skin rash with fluid-filled blisters may indicate conditions such as contact dermatitis or eczema but is not typical of psoriasis.
d. Purple or red lumps under the skin are more suggestive of other conditions, such as nodules or hematomas, rather than psoriasis.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: A skin biopsy is commonly performed to confirm the diagnosis of psoriasis. It involves taking a small sample of skin tissue from a psoriatic plaque and examining it under a microscope to identify the characteristic histological changes, such as hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, and elongation of the rete ridges.
Incorrect choices: a. Skin patch testing for allergens: Patch testing is used to diagnose allergic contact dermatitis, not psoriasis.
b. Chest X-ray to assess lung involvement: Chest X-rays are not necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, as it primarily affects the skin and joints, not the lungs.
c. Complete blood count (CBC) to assess white blood cell count: While a CBC may be performed to assess inflammation, it is not specific to psoriasis and cannot confirm the diagnosis. A skin biopsy is needed for definitive diagnosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: Psoriasis lesions commonly appear in a symmetrical pattern, affecting similar areas on both sides of the body. For example, if a plaque is present on the right elbow, there is a high likelihood of a corresponding plaque on the left elbow.
Incorrect choices: a. Psoriasis lesions are evenly distributed across the body: Psoriasis lesions are not evenly distributed and tend to cluster in certain areas, such as elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back.
b. Psoriasis lesions are typically limited to the face and neck: While psoriasis can occur on the face and neck, it is more commonly found on extensor surfaces (elbows and knees) and the scalp.
c. Psoriasis lesions are more commonly found on the left side of the body: There is no evidence to support a preference for the left side of the body in psoriasis distribution. The symmetrical pattern is a more characteristic feature.
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