The nurse is caring for an adult with a burn injury. The following parts of the patient's body were burned: anterior and posterior right arm, posterior trunk. and posterior right leg. Using the Rule of Nines, calculate the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) percentage that is involved.
63% TBSA
45% TBSA
36% TBSA
27% TBSA
The Correct Answer is C
A. 63% TBSA
This value is too high based on the Rule of Nines calculation.
B. 45% TBSA
This overestimates the burn area.
C. 36% TBSA
Using the Rule of Nines, the TBSA is calculated as follows:
- Entire right arm (anterior + posterior): 9%
- Posterior trunk: 18%
- Posterior right leg: 9%
- Total TBSA = 9% + 18% + 9% = 36%
D. 27% TBSA
This underestimates the affected areas.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Elevate the extremity and apply an ice pack to the injured area
Elevating the extremity can help reduce swelling, but applying ice is not recommended for chemical burns as it can cause further tissue damage.
B. Contact poison control to determine the best neutralizing agent
While contacting poison control is important, it should not be the immediate first action in an emergency setting.
C. Apply a sterile dressing, wrapping the fingers separately
This is important for protecting the wound, but it is not the immediate first action needed for chemical burns.
D. Irrigate the affected area with room temperature water
Immediate irrigation with room temperature water helps to remove the chemical from the skin and dilute its effect, which is the first critical step in managing a chemical burn.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Initial stage of septic shock
Septic shock typically presents with warm, flushed skin in the early phase due to vasodilation. This client has cold and clammy skin, which is more consistent with hypovolemic shock.
B. Refractory stage of obstructive shock
Obstructive shock (e.g., from cardiac tamponade or pulmonary embolism) would present with jugular vein distention, muffled heart sounds, or severe respiratory distress, which are not seen in this case.
C. Progressive stage of hypovolemic shock
The client has classic signs of hypovolemic shock due to fluid loss (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). The progressive stage is indicated by hypotension, tachycardia, and end-organ dysfunction (altered mental status, cool/clammy skin).
D. Compensatory stage of diabetic shock
"Diabetic shock" is not a standard classification of shock. The compensatory stage would still have an adequate blood pressure due to SNS activation, but this patient already has profound hypotension.
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