The client admitted with sickle cell anemia crisis is being treated with a transfusion of 2 units of packed red blood cells (PRBC's) for a low hemoglobin. The cent demonstrating a new onset of chest pain. low back pain, tachycardia and anxiety. The nurse's immediate intervention is
Stop transfusion, run normal saline.
Administer morphine IV.
Administer epinephrine IM
Continue to monitor the infusion.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Stop transfusion, run normal saline is correct because the client is likely experiencing an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR), which is life-threatening. The priority is to stop the transfusion immediately and maintain IV access with normal saline to prevent further hemolysis.
B. Administer morphine IV is incorrect because pain management is important, but stopping the transfusion is the immediate priority.
C. Administer epinephrine IM is incorrect because epinephrine is used for anaphylaxis, not hemolytic reactions.
D. Continue to monitor the infusion is incorrect because the transfusion must be stopped immediately to prevent worsening hemolysis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Prepare for immediate surgery to repair the open fracture
Surgery may be necessary, but it is not the immediate priority. The focus should be on stabilizing the client and preventing further injury.
B. Assess for pulses in the upper and lower extremities
Assessing circulation is important but is not the most immediate life-saving intervention. First, the client must be stabilized and bleeding controlled.
C. Place a sterile pressure dressing on the open fracture
While controlling bleeding is important, spinal immobilization takes precedence in trauma cases to prevent potential spinal cord injury.
D. Maintain C-spine immobilization
In a trauma patient with loss of consciousness, cervical spine injury must be assumed. Immobilization prevents further damage while other interventions are performed.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. White Blood Cell decrease
Platelet transfusions do not affect WBC levels. WBCs may change in response to infection or inflammation, but this is not an indicator of successful platelet transfusion.
B. Platelets increase
The primary goal of platelet transfusion is to increase platelet count to reduce bleeding risk in thrombocytopenia.
C. Hemoglobin increase
Hemoglobin levels increase after red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, not platelet transfusions.
D. PT and INR normalize
PT/INR measures clotting function, which is affected by clotting factors, not platelets. Platelet transfusions do not directly correct prolonged PT/INR.
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