The nurse is caring for multiple patients. The nurse determines that which patient has the highest risk for developing gallstones?

A 37-year-old white man of normal weight on long-term corticosteroids for asthma.

A 42-year-old African American man of normal weight who has smoked for 25 years.

A 46-year-old Indonesian woman who is under normal weight and has recently had radiation treatments.

A 50-year-old obese Mexican American woman who has type 1 diabetes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. While corticosteroid use can contribute to metabolic changes, this patient lacks other major risk factors like obesity, female sex, or ethnicity strongly associated with gallstones.

B. Smoking is a general health risk but is not a primary risk factor for gallstone formation.

C. Radiation treatment and low body weight are not strongly linked to gallstone risk.

D. This patient has multiple established risk factors for gallstones: female sex, age over 40, obesity, Mexican American ethnicity, and diabetes. These combined factors place her at the highest risk.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Left lower quadrant pain is not typical. Appendicitis usually presents with right lower quadrant pain (McBurney’s point).

B. Guarding is a common sign of abdominal irritation or inflammation and is expected with appendicitis.

C. Rebound tenderness, where pain intensifies when pressure is released, is a classic sign of peritoneal irritation caused by appendicitis.

D. C-reactive protein (CRP) typically increases with inflammation; a decrease would not be expected in active appendicitis.

E. Pain on lifting the thigh when supine (the psoas sign) suggests irritation of the iliopsoas muscle, often seen in retrocecal appendicitis.

A. Include foods high in starch and proteins. B. Include foods high in fiber. C. Avoid foods high in fat D. Avoid foods high in sodium.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While starch and protein are part of a balanced diet, excessive protein is not directly linked to biliary colic prevention.

B. High-fiber foods promote overall digestive health but are not the primary focus for preventing biliary colic.

C. High-fat foods stimulate the gallbladder to contract, which can trigger pain (biliary colic) in clients with chronic cholecystitis. Avoiding fatty foods is essential in managing symptoms.

D. Sodium intake affects fluid balance and blood pressure but is not directly related to gallbladder function or biliary colic.

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The nurse is caring for multiple patients. The nurse determines that which patient has the highest risk for developing gallstones?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A child is brought into the ED with suspected appendicitis. What signs and symptoms does the nurse expect to assess? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing dietary instructions for a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver. Which risk factor is the leading cause of cirrhosis?

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