After teaching a client who has alcohol-induced cirrhosis, a nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"I cannot drink any alcohol at all anymore."

"I should not take over-the-counter medications."

"I need to avoid protein in my diet."

"I should eat small, frequent, balanced meals."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Abstaining from alcohol is essential to prevent further liver damage in clients with cirrhosis.
B. Many over-the-counter medications, especially acetaminophen and NSAIDs, can be harmful to the liver and should be avoided or used only under medical supervision.
C. Avoiding protein entirely indicates a misunderstanding. Clients with cirrhosis may need to manage their protein intake, especially if they have hepatic encephalopathy, but protein should not be completely eliminated. Adequate protein is necessary to prevent muscle wasting and maintain nutrition.
D. Small, frequent, balanced meals help manage symptoms and support nutritional needs in clients with cirrhosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This meal lacks fiber, which is important in the management of diverticular disease.
B. While the fruit cup adds some fiber, spaghetti and meat sauce are low-fiber and less ideal.
C. While beans and salad are high in fiber, they can cause gas and bloating, which may aggravate symptoms during active diverticulitis.
D. Baked fish and steamed carrots are easy to digest, and apple juice is gentle on the GI tract—appropriate especially if the client is in recovery or trying to prevent flare-ups.

A. Liver biopsy B. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) C. Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) D. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A liver biopsy provides direct histological examination of liver tissue, making it the definitive method for diagnosing cirrhosis by revealing the extent of fibrosis and architectural distortion.

B. Elevated AST can suggest liver injury but is not specific or conclusive for cirrhosis.

C. Elevated ALT is also a nonspecific marker of liver damage and cannot alone confirm cirrhosis.

D. Elevated LDH may occur in liver disease but is a general marker of tissue breakdown and lacks diagnostic specificity for cirrhosis.

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After teaching a client who has alcohol-induced cirrhosis, a nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After teaching a patient with diverticular disease, a nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which menu selection indicates the client correctly understood the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is aware that a definitive diagnosis of cirrhosis is made based on the results of which diagnostic or laboratory test?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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