The nurse is educating a client scheduled for elective surgery. The client currently takes aspirin daily. What education will the nurse provide regarding this medication?
Continue to take the aspirin as ordered.
Aspirin should be increased until 3 days before surgery, then discontinued until 3 days after surgery.
Stop taking the aspirin 7 days before the surgery, unless otherwise directed by the physician.
Take half doses of the aspirin until 1 week after surgery.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Continuing aspirin increases bleeding risk during surgery due to its antiplatelet effect, inhibiting clot formation for 7–10 days. This can lead to excessive intraoperative hemorrhage, making it an incorrect instruction, as stopping aspirin is standard to ensure hemostasis.
Choice B reason: Increasing aspirin heightens bleeding risk, as its antiplatelet effect persists for 7–10 days. Discontinuing only 3 days prior is insufficient, and resuming 3 days post-surgery risks bleeding, making this an incorrect and unsafe instruction for surgical preparation.
Choice C reason: Stopping aspirin 7 days before surgery is standard, as its antiplatelet effect lasts 7–10 days, reducing bleeding risk. This allows platelet function to normalize, preventing hemorrhage, making it the correct instruction, with physician guidance for conditions like cardiac stents.
Choice D reason: Taking half doses of aspirin does not mitigate its antiplatelet effect, which persists for 7–10 days, increasing surgical bleeding risk. This is insufficient to ensure hemostasis, making it an incorrect instruction compared to stopping aspirin 7 days prior for safer outcomes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Localized redness is an expected sign of early wound infection due to localized inflammation but does not necessarily indicate worsening. It reflects immune response to infection, manageable with antibiotics, but systemic signs like fever and tachycardia suggest severe infection, requiring more urgent intervention.
Choice B reason: Serous drainage is normal in early wound healing or mild infection but does not indicate worsening. Purulent or foul-smelling drainage would suggest progression, but serous drainage is less concerning, making it a lower priority than systemic signs like fever and tachycardia.
Choice C reason: Fever of 101.5°F and increased heart rate indicate a worsening wound infection, suggesting systemic spread (sepsis). These signs reflect the body’s response to significant bacterial proliferation, risking septic shock, requiring immediate intervention like antibiotics or surgical debridement to prevent life-threatening complications.
Choice D reason: Mild tenderness is expected in an infected wound due to localized inflammation but does not indicate worsening. Systemic signs like fever and tachycardia suggest severe infection or sepsis, making tenderness a less urgent finding requiring monitoring rather than immediate intervention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Air embolism occurs when air enters the bloodstream, not from vesicant extravasation. Vesicants, like chemotherapy drugs, cause local tissue damage when leaking outside the vein, leading to necrosis, not vascular occlusion, making air embolism an incorrect complication in this context.
Choice B reason: Tissue necrosis is a primary complication of vesicant extravasation, as these medications (e.g., chemotherapy agents) are toxic to tissues outside the vein. Leakage causes severe damage, leading to cell death, ulceration, and potential tissue loss, making this the critical complication to identify and manage.
Choice C reason: Edema may occur with extravasation due to fluid leakage but is not the primary concern with vesicants. Vesicant extravasation causes severe tissue damage, leading to necrosis rather than just swelling, making edema a less specific and severe complication in this scenario.
Choice D reason: Thrombus formation is a risk with intravenous catheters but not a direct result of vesicant extravasation. Vesicants cause chemical damage to tissues, leading to necrosis, not clot formation, making thrombus an incorrect choice for vesicant extravasation’s primary effect.
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