The nurse is educating a client who has been newly prescribed acarbose in addition to repaglinide for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
Which statement made by the client indicates that the teaching has been effective?
“I will always carry glucose tablets or gels to treat episodes of hypoglycemia.”.
“I will take my medications first thing in the morning on an empty stomach.”.
“I should drink 6 oz. of orange soda if I feel nervous, sweaty, and lightheaded.”.
“These medications help with the release of insulin so I have to start taking shots.”.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Acarbose and repaglinide are medications used to manage blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Acarbose slows the digestion of carbohydrates in the gut, which helps to prevent spikes in blood glucose after meals. Repaglinide stimulates the pancreas to release more insulin. Both of these medications can cause hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar.
Therefore, carrying glucose tablets or gels is a good practice because they can quickly raise blood sugar levels during an episode of hypoglycemia.
Choice B rationale
Taking these medications on an empty stomach is not recommended. Acarbose should be taken with the first bite of each main meal. Repaglinide should be taken within 30 minutes before meals. Therefore, this statement does not indicate effective teaching.
Choice C rationale
Drinking orange soda to treat symptoms of hypoglycemia is not the best choice. While orange soda can increase blood sugar levels, it also contains other ingredients, like caffeine, that are not beneficial for people with diabetes. Glucose tablets or gels are a better option because they provide a fast-acting source of glucose and are easy to dose.
Choice D rationale
This statement is incorrect. While repaglinide does stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin, it does not mean that the person has to start taking insulin shots. Acarbose works by slowing the digestion of carbohydrates in the gut, not by affecting insulin release. Therefore, this statement does not indicate effective teaching.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
People with Type 1 diabetes have little or no insulin that can be released. This is because their pancreatic β-cells, which produce insulin, are destroyed by an autoimmune process. Without insulin, glucose cannot be taken up into cells to be used for energy. Oral antihyperglycemic agents work by increasing the release of insulin or increasing the body’s sensitivity to insulin, so they are not effective in Type 1 diabetes where there is an absolute insulin deficiency.
Choice B rationale
The cost of oral antihyperglycemic agents is not the primary reason they are not used in Type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the lack of insulin production, which these medications cannot address.
Choice C rationale
People with Type 1 diabetes do not typically have resistance to their endogenous insulin. Insulin resistance is more commonly associated with Type 2 diabetes.
Choice D rationale
While hypoglycemia can occur with the use of some antihyperglycemic agents, this is not the primary reason these medications are not used in Type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the absolute deficiency of insulin.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Step 1 is: According to the information from the search results, regular insulin, such as the 16 units prescribed to the patient, starts working 30 minutes to 1 hour after administration and peaks in 2 to 5 hours. Therefore, the patient should expect the insulin peak 2 to 4 hours after administration.
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