A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus about the chronic complications associated with the disease. What information should be included in the teaching?

Schedule and keep appointments for annual eye exams.

Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent kidney damage.

Cardiac enzymes will be checked every 6 months.

Podiatry exams are necessary every 3 months.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Diabetes mellitus can lead to several chronic complications, including retinopathy, which can cause blindness. Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, scheduling and keeping appointments for annual eye exams is an important part of managing diabetes.

Choice B rationale

While adequate fluid intake is generally important for overall health, it is not specifically effective in preventing kidney damage in patients with diabetes mellitus. Kidney damage in diabetes, also known as diabetic nephropathy, is caused by high blood sugar levels over time, not by dehydration.

Choice C rationale

Regular checks of cardiac enzymes are not a standard part of diabetes management. Cardiac enzymes are typically checked in the context of suspected heart disease or a heart attack, not as a routine measure in diabetes care.

Choice D rationale

While regular foot care is important in diabetes to prevent complications such as foot ulcers and infections, podiatry exams every 3 months are not typically necessary unless the patient has a history of foot problems or a high risk of foot complications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Elevating the feet for 30 minutes after walking is not specifically beneficial for a patient with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). While elevation can help with conditions like edema, it does not directly address the issues associated with PAD12.

Choice B rationale

Avoiding exercise that increases the heart rate is not the best advice for a patient with PAD. Exercise, including activities that increase heart rate, can actually be beneficial. It can help improve circulation, which is often compromised in PAD12.

Choice C rationale

Continuing to walk to the point of pain is beneficial for patients with PAD. Walking, especially at a high intensity, can help improve symptoms of PAD. It can increase blood flow and oxygen supply to the muscles, which can help manage PAD symptoms.

Choice D rationale

While it’s important to care for any ulcers that develop and seek medical attention, stopping walking altogether if a leg ulcer develops is not necessary. Walking is a low-impact activity that can help improve mobility over time.

A. 30 seconds B. 45 seconds C. 60 seconds D. 75 seconds

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Step 1 is to understand the therapeutic range for aPTT when a patient is on heparin therapy. The therapeutic range for aPTT is 1.5 to 2.5 times the normal value. Given that the normal aPTT value is around 30-40 seconds, the therapeutic range would be approximately 45-100 seconds. Therefore, an aPTT value of 75 seconds falls within this therapeutic range, indicating that the heparin therapy is effective.

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A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus about the chronic complications associated with the disease. What information should be included in the teaching?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease is being educated about the benefits of walking for exercise. What information should the nurse emphasize?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is receiving heparin sodium 1000 units per hour via an infusion and warfarin sodium 2.5 mg PO for thrombophlebitis in the left leg. The nurse educates the client that heparin and warfarin are prescribed together because:

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