The nurse is evaluating a child who has been outside in the woods at camp. The child has multiple, small annular lesions without an indurated center on the arm. The nurse suspects Lyme disease.

Which stage of Lyme disease does the nurse believe that this child is exhibiting?

Fourth stage.

First stage.

Third stage.

Second stage.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The correct answer is choice B. First stage.

Choice A rationale:

There is no fourth stage of Lyme disease. Lyme disease typically progresses through three stages: early localized, early disseminated, and late disseminated. The symptoms mentioned in the question are more indicative of earlier stages of the disease.

Choice B rationale:

The child is likely exhibiting symptoms of the first stage of Lyme disease, known as early localized Lyme disease. This stage is characterized by the appearance of small annular (circular) lesions known as erythema migrans. These lesions are often red and have a clear center, resembling a "bull's-eye" pattern. This stage occurs within days to weeks after a tick bite and is usually accompanied by flu-like symptoms.

Choice C rationale:

There is no third stage of Lyme disease. The third stage is considered the late disseminated stage, which occurs months to years after the initial infection. It typically involves more severe symptoms, such as arthritis, neurological issues, and cardiac abnormalities.

Choice D rationale:

There is no second stage of Lyme disease. The second stage is the early disseminated stage, which occurs weeks to a few months after the tick bite. It involves the spread of the bacteria to other parts of the body, leading to symptoms such as multiple erythema migrans lesions, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, and muscle and joint pain.

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Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A, E.

Choice A rationale:

Using an air conditioner is an effective way to reduce exposure to pollens and dust. Air conditioners filter the air and help prevent outdoor allergens from entering the indoor environment. This choice is correct because it addresses one of the primary sources of exposure to allergens.

Choice B rationale:

Keeping humidity in the house above 60% is not a recommended approach. High humidity can promote the growth of mold and dust mites, which can exacerbate allergies. Maintaining humidity levels between 30-50% is generally recommended for reducing allergen exposure.

Choice C rationale:

Keeping pets outside might seem like a logical option to reduce allergen exposure; however, pet allergens can still be carried indoors on clothing and shoes. Moreover, if individuals are not allergic to pet dander, keeping the pets inside may not pose an issue.

Choice D rationale:

Replacing wall-to-wall carpeting with wood and tile floors is a good strategy for reducing allergen exposure. Carpets can trap dust, pollen, and other allergens, while hard surfaces are easier to clean and do not accumulate allergens as readily. This choice is correct because it addresses a common source of indoor allergens.

Choice E rationale:

Putting dust-proof covers on pillows and mattresses is another effective strategy for reducing allergen exposure. These covers create a barrier that prevents dust mites and their allergens from permeating the sleeping environment. This choice is correct because it directly addresses the issue of dust mite allergens.

A. Place the child in the Trendelenburg position. B. Apply a new bandage with more pressure. C. Notify the physician. D. Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Answer is: d. Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.

Explanation: The first action should be to apply direct pressure above the catheterization site to help control the bleeding and minimize blood loss. This will also give the nurse time to prepare additional interventions or supplies if necessary.

Choice a. is wrong because placing the child in the Trendelenburg position is not an appropriate initial nursing action in this scenario. This position can increase intracranial pressure and is typically used for patients experiencing shock or hypotension.

Choice b. is wrong because applying a new bandage with more pressure might be a subsequent action, but the priority is to apply direct pressure to slow down the bleeding.

Choice c. is wrong because notifying the physician is important, but the nurse should first take immediate action to control the bleeding and minimize potential harm to the patient.

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The nurse is evaluating a child who has been outside in the woods at camp. The child has multiple, small annular lesions without an indurated center on the arm. The nurse suspects Lyme disease. Which stage of Lyme disease does the nurse believe that this child is exhibiting?

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Which information should the nurse teach families about reducing exposure to pollens and dust? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children is:

The nurse is evaluating a child who has been outside in the woods at camp. The child has multiple, small annular lesions without an indurated center on the arm. The nurse suspects Lyme disease.

Which stage of Lyme disease does the nurse believe that this child is exhibiting?