The nurse is reviewing the use of central nervous system stimulants. Which of these are indications for this class of drugs? (Select all that apply.)
(Select All that Apply.)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Panic attacks
Narcolepsy
Neonatal apnea
Correct Answer : A,C,E
A. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Correct. CNS stimulants like
methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives are commonly used to treat ADHD by improving attention, focus, and impulse control.
B. Panic attacks - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not typically used to treat panic attacks.
Medications such as benzodiazepines or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more commonly used for panic disorder.
C. Narcolepsy - Correct. CNS stimulants are used to treat narcolepsy, a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden attacks of sleep.
D. Neonatal apnea - Incorrect. CNS stimulants are not indicated for neonatal apnea.
Management of neonatal apnea usually involves supportive measures, respiratory support, and caffeine citrate as a respiratory stimulant.
E. Obesity - Correct. CNS stimulants like phentermine are sometimes used as adjuncts to diet and exercise for short-term management of obesity
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Oral contraceptives: Phenobarbital can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of contraceptive failure and unintended pregnancy.
B. Antihistamines: While phenobarbital can induce hepatic enzymes, leading to increased
metabolism of some antihistamines, this interaction is less clinically significant compared to the interactions with oral contraceptives, opioids, and diuretics.
C. Warfarin: Phenobarbital can induce the metabolism of warfarin, potentially reducing its anticoagulant effects and necessitating closer monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) levels.
D. Opioids: Phenobarbital can increase the metabolism of opioids, leading to reduced analgesic effects and potentially causing inadequate pain control.
E. Diuretics: Phenobarbital can accelerate the metabolism of diuretics, potentially reducing their efficacy and necessitating adjustments in dosage or monitoring of electrolyte levels.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "I know that I cannot switch brands of this medication." - This statement indicates an understanding of the importance of consistency in medication use. Phenytoin requires consistent dosing and should not be switched between different brands without consulting a healthcare provider.
B. "I have made an appointment to see my dentist next week." - This statement shows awareness of the need for dental care while taking phenytoin. Phenytoin can cause gum hyperplasia, so regular dental check-ups are recommended.
C. "I will notify my doctor before taking any other medications." - This statement demonstrates understanding of the potential for drug interactions with phenytoin. Phenytoin can interact with many other medications, so it's crucial to consult a doctor before starting any new medications.
D. "I'll be glad when I can stop taking this medicine." - This statement indicates a
misunderstanding about the management of epilepsy. Phenytoin is typically a long-term medication used to control seizures, and it's not usually discontinued unless directed by a healthcare provider. Further teaching is needed to address this misconception.
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