A school-aged child is brought to the clinic by her parents. The parents state that the child will be engaged in some activity at home and then will just stop suddenly for a few seconds and then pick up the activity again as if there had been no break in what she was doing. This child should be assessed for what neurological disorder?
Myoclonic seizures
Absence seizures
Status epilepticus
Tonic-clonic seizures
The Correct Answer is B
A. Myoclonic seizures are characterized by sudden, brief muscle jerks or twitches. These
movements are usually more pronounced and may involve multiple muscle groups compared to the described behavior, which involves a brief pause in activity without muscle jerks.
B. Absence seizures are characterized by brief episodes of staring or blanking out, often lasting for a few seconds. During an absence seizure, the child may appear to be staring into space, unaware of their surroundings. After the seizure, the child typically resumes their previous
activity without any memory of the event.
C. Status epilepticus refers to a prolonged seizure or a series of seizures without full recovery of consciousness between seizures. This condition is a medical emergency and presents with continuous or recurrent seizures without regaining consciousness.
D. Tonic-clonic seizures involve a sequence of tonic (stiffening) and clonic (jerking) phases, often accompanied by loss of consciousness and sometimes preceded by an aura. The described behavior does not fit the pattern of a tonic-clonic seizure, which typically involves more noticeable motor activity and loss of consciousness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The last dose of medication should be given 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to diminish insomnia: Methylphenidate is a stimulant medication commonly used to treat ADHD.
Administering it at bedtime may interfere with sleep onset and lead to insomnia. It's important to follow the prescribed dosing schedule to optimize symptom control during waking hours while minimizing adverse effects on sleep.
B. The medication should be taken with meals for optimal absorption: While taking
methylphenidate with meals may help reduce gastrointestinal side effects, the timing of administration relative to bedtime is more relevant to address in this scenario.
C. The medication should not be taken until he is at school: Delaying medication until the child is at school may result in inadequate symptom control during the morning when ADHD
symptoms are often most problematic.
D. She is giving him the medication dosage appropriately: Administering methylphenidate at bedtime is not appropriate and may lead to insomnia rather than optimizing symptom control during the day.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tachycardia is not typically associated with cholinergic drug effects. Cholinergic stimulation tends to slow down the heart rate rather than increase it.
B. Palpitations may occur with certain cardiac arrhythmias or in response to sympathetic stimulation, but they are not typically associated with cholinergic drug effects.
C. Cholinergic drugs are more likely to cause vasodilation rather than vasoconstriction.
Therefore, vasoconstriction is not a common cardiovascular effect of cholinergic drug therapy.
D. Bradycardia is a common cardiovascular effect of cholinergic drug therapy. Cholinergic stimulation slows down the heart rate by increasing parasympathetic activity, particularly at the
sinoatrial (SA) node. Therefore, bradycardia is the cardiovascular effect that nurses should monitor for when administering cholinergic drugs.
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