A school-aged child is brought to the clinic by her parents. The parents state that the child will be engaged in some activity at home and then will just stop suddenly for a few seconds and then pick up the activity again as if there had been no break in what she was doing. This child should be assessed for what neurological disorder?
Myoclonic seizures
Absence seizures
Status epilepticus
Tonic-clonic seizures
The Correct Answer is B
A. Myoclonic seizures are characterized by sudden, brief muscle jerks or twitches. These
movements are usually more pronounced and may involve multiple muscle groups compared to the described behavior, which involves a brief pause in activity without muscle jerks.
B. Absence seizures are characterized by brief episodes of staring or blanking out, often lasting for a few seconds. During an absence seizure, the child may appear to be staring into space, unaware of their surroundings. After the seizure, the child typically resumes their previous
activity without any memory of the event.
C. Status epilepticus refers to a prolonged seizure or a series of seizures without full recovery of consciousness between seizures. This condition is a medical emergency and presents with continuous or recurrent seizures without regaining consciousness.
D. Tonic-clonic seizures involve a sequence of tonic (stiffening) and clonic (jerking) phases, often accompanied by loss of consciousness and sometimes preceded by an aura. The described behavior does not fit the pattern of a tonic-clonic seizure, which typically involves more noticeable motor activity and loss of consciousness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The drug level is at a toxic level, and the dosage needs to be reduced. Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic range, and levels above 20 mcg/mL are considered to be in the toxic range.
Symptoms of phenytoin toxicity can include nystagmus, ataxia, slurred speech, and confusion. Therefore, if a patient's phenytoin level is 23 mcg/mL, the nurse should be concerned about potential toxicity and consult with the healthcare provider to adjust the dosage.
B. The patient's seizures should be under control if she is also taking a second antiepileptic drug.
While combination therapy with multiple antiepileptic drugs can help control seizures, a phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL is still concerning for toxicity and requires intervention.
C. The patient is at risk for seizures because the drug level is not at a therapeutic level. A phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL is actually above the therapeutic range and is more indicative of toxicity rather than subtherapeutic levels.
D. The patient's seizures should be under control because this is a therapeutic drug level. A phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL is not within the therapeutic range but rather in the toxic range, so the patient may experience symptoms of toxicity rather than having adequate seizure control.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Menstrual cramps: Feverfew is commonly used as an herbal remedy for menstrual cramps and migraines due to its purported anti-inflammatory and smooth muscle relaxant properties.
B. Constipation: Feverfew is not typically used to treat constipation.
C. Muscle aches: While feverfew may have some anti-inflammatory properties, it is not commonly used specifically for muscle aches.
D. Incision pain after surgery: Feverfew is not typically used to manage post-surgical pain.
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