The nurse is teaching a client how to collect a sputum specimen. Which steps should the nurse instruct the client to follow when collecting a sputum sample?

Breathe deeply, followed by coughing up the sputum.

Restrict fluids before expectorating the sputum specimen.

Obtain the specimen before bedtime.

Avoid mouth care prior to collecting the sputum.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

The correct answer is a) because taking deep breaths followed by coughing helps produce a sputum sample from the lungs, which is necessary for accurate diagnostic testing.

Choice B reason: Restricting fluids before expectorating the sputum specimen is not necessary and may make it more difficult to produce a sample.

Choice C reason: Sputum specimens are best collected in the morning when secretions have accumulated overnight.

Choice D reason: Mouth care should be performed prior to sputum collection to reduce contamination from oral bacteria.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Providing additional oral fluids is not appropriate for SIADH and can worsen fluid retention.

Choice B reason: Measuring glucose levels is important for diabetes management but not directly related to SIADH.

Choice C reason: Offering hard candy stimulates saliva production and soothes oral mucosa, providing relief of dry mouth and the perception of thirst without adding significant fluid volume, thereby supporting strict fluid restriction in SIADH management.

Choice D reason:

Withholding a prescribed diuretic without a clear order can disrupt the therapeutic plan, exacerbate fluid retention, and falls outside the nurse’s scope; diuretic adjustments should only follow provider directions.

A. Monthly appointments with the dietitian. B. Monitor blood glucose levels daily. C. Limit calories on days unable to exercise. D. Regular exercise with medical approval.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Monthly appointments with a dietitian are important for overall management but do not directly address lowering blood glucose and increasing HDL levels.

Choice B reason: Monitoring blood glucose levels daily is crucial for diabetes management but does not directly impact HDL levels.

Choice C reason: Limiting calories on days unable to exercise may help with weight management but is not the most effective way to improve blood glucose and HDL levels.

Choice D reason:

The correct answer is d) because regular exercise, with medical approval, helps lower blood glucose levels and increase HDL levels, improving overall health outcomes for clients with type 2 diabetes.

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The nurse is teaching a client how to collect a sputum specimen. Which steps should the nurse instruct the client to follow when collecting a sputum sample?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) reports to the nurse of being constantly thirsty. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). When providing teaching on lowering blood glucose levels and increasing serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which instruction should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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