The nurse is teaching a patient with myasthenia gravis how to prevent a myasthenic crisis.
What topic is most important to include?

Wear gloves when handling frozen food items.

Avoid warm climates.

Receive an annual influenza vaccination.

Increase intake of protein.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Wearing gloves when handling frozen food items is not related to preventing a myasthenic crisis. A myasthenic crisis is characterized by severe muscle weakness, including respiratory muscles, and is often triggered by infection or medication changes, not temperature exposure to hands.

Choice B rationale

Avoiding warm climates is not a primary preventative measure for myasthenic crisis. While extreme temperatures can sometimes exacerbate symptoms in some individuals with myasthenia gravis, it is not a direct trigger for a crisis. Infections are a far more common precipitating factor.

Choice C rationale

Receiving an annual influenza vaccination is crucial for preventing infections, which are a common trigger for myasthenic crisis. Infections, particularly respiratory infections, can significantly worsen muscle weakness and precipitate life-threatening respiratory compromise in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Choice D rationale

Increasing intake of protein does not directly prevent a myasthenic crisis. While adequate nutrition is important for overall health, there is no specific evidence that increased protein intake prevents the acute exacerbation of muscle weakness characteristic of a myasthenic crisis.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While temporary numbness could indicate transient nerve compression, which might rarely predispose to minor skin issues if prolonged or repetitive, it typically resolves without lasting dermatological compromise. Sustained pressure or impaired sensation are the primary risk factors for skin breakdown. This transient event is less likely to lead to a significant skin alteration compared to chronic conditions affecting tissue integrity.

Choice B rationale

Diabetes mellitus impairs microcirculation and peripheral neuropathy, leading to decreased sensation and reduced blood flow to tissues. This compromises the skin's ability to heal and resist infection. Hyperglycemia also weakens collagen and elastin, making the skin more fragile and susceptible to breakdown and delayed wound healing.

Choice C rationale

Significant fluid and electrolyte imbalances due to vomiting and diarrhea, coupled with substantial weight loss, lead to dehydration and malnutrition. Dehydration reduces skin turgor and elasticity, making it more prone to tearing. Malnutrition, particularly protein deficiency, impairs tissue repair and maintenance, increasing susceptibility to skin breakdown.

Choice D rationale

Paralysis prevents independent repositioning, leading to prolonged pressure on bony prominences. This sustained pressure compromises capillary blood flow, resulting in tissue ischemia and necrosis. Without the ability to shift weight, the skin's protective mechanisms are overwhelmed, significantly increasing the risk for pressure injury development.

Choice E rationale

Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight, experienced by roofers, causes cumulative damage to dermal collagen and elastin fibers, leading to photoaging. This also increases the risk of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, which are significant skin alterations including premalignant and malignant lesions.

A. Follow good health habits to change the course of the disease. B. Keep active, use stress-reduction strategies, and avoid fatigue. C. Practice using the mechanical aids that you will need when future disabilities arise. D. You will need to accept the necessity of a quiet and inactive lifestyle.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While good health habits are beneficial for overall well-being, multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive neurological disease for which there is currently no cure. Adhering to good health habits can help manage symptoms and promote general health, but it cannot fundamentally alter the underlying disease course or progression.

Choice B rationale

Regular physical activity, stress reduction techniques, and avoiding fatigue are crucial components of managing multiple sclerosis. Exercise helps maintain muscle strength and mobility, stress can exacerbate symptoms, and fatigue is a common and debilitating symptom that needs active management to improve quality of life.

Choice C rationale

While mechanical aids may eventually be necessary for some individuals with progressive disability, focusing solely on practicing their use can promote a sense of hopelessness and prematurely emphasize limitations. The teaching plan should prioritize strategies that empower the patient to maintain current function and quality of life.

Choice D rationale

Telling a patient they need to accept a quiet and inactive lifestyle is not appropriate or beneficial. Promoting an active lifestyle within the patient's capabilities, encouraging social engagement, and focusing on adaptive strategies are essential for maintaining physical and mental well-being and preventing deconditioning.

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The nurse is teaching a patient with myasthenia gravis how to prevent a myasthenic crisis. What topic is most important to include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is aware that which patients are at risk for a skin alteration?

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is preparing a patient with multiple sclerosis for discharge from the hospital to home. What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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The nurse is teaching a patient with myasthenia gravis how to prevent a myasthenic crisis.
What topic is most important to include?