The nurse knows that which of the following antibiotics are resistant to beta-lactamase bacteria? Select all that apply, one, some, or all may be correct.
Ceftaroline
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid
Piperacillin/tazobactam
Correct Answer : A,C,D
A. Ceftaroline.: Ceftaroline is a fifth-generation cephalosporin that is resistant to many beta-lactamase–producing bacteria. It has broad-spectrum activity and is notably effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and certain gram-negative organisms.
B. Ampicillin.: Ampicillin alone is not resistant to beta-lactamase–producing bacteria. It is easily inactivated by beta-lactamase enzymes secreted by resistant organisms, which limits its effectiveness unless combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor.
C. Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid.: This combination is resistant to beta-lactamase because clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. It prevents bacterial enzymes from destroying the beta-lactam ring of amoxicillin, allowing the antibiotic to remain active against resistant strains.
D. Piperacillin/tazobactam.: Piperacillin combined with tazobactam also gains resistance to beta-lactamase enzymes. Tazobactam inhibits beta-lactamase activity, enhancing piperacillin’s effectiveness against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Exostosis, or bone overgrowth.: Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), does not cause bone overgrowth or exostosis. This condition is typically associated with chronic irritation or mechanical stress rather than medication use.
B. Drug induced ototoxicity.: Ototoxicity is linked to medications such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, loop diuretics, and certain chemotherapeutic agents. Omeprazole does not affect the auditory system or cause hearing loss.
C. Osteoporosis-related fracture risk.: Long-term PPI use, such as omeprazole for more than a year, can decrease calcium absorption by reducing gastric acid secretion. This may lead to decreased bone mineral density, increasing the risk for osteoporosis and fractures, particularly of the hip, wrist, and spine.
D. Diminished visual acuity.: Omeprazole is not associated with visual changes or ocular toxicity. Any vision changes would more likely stem from other systemic conditions such as diabetes or hypertension rather than prolonged PPI therapy.
Correct Answer is ["25"]
Explanation
Convert the ordered dose from grams (g) to milligrams (mg).
Ordered dose: 1 g
Conversion factor: 1 g = 1000 mg
Ordered dose (mg) = 1g × 1000mg/g
= 1000mg.
Available concentration = 200 mg per 5 mL.
Calculate the volume to administer in milliliters (mL).
Volume (mL) = Desired Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)
Find the concentration in mg/mL: 200mg/5mL
= 40mg/mL.
Volume (mL) = 1000mg/(40mg/mL)
= 25mL.
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