The nurse working in a critical care unit (CCU) is assigned the care of two clients, one with pneumonia who is being mechanically ventilated, and the other who had a thoracotomy yesterday and is reporting incisional pain. Which action(s) should the nurse perform first?
Assess the level of consciousness and vital signs for both clients.
Review the plan of care and the medications that are due for both clients.
Complete a head-to-toe assessment of the client with pneumonia.
Change the surgical dressing to observe the appearance of the incision.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Assess the level of consciousness and vital signs for both clients: Assessing vital signs and mental status identifies immediate changes in condition, particularly in critically ill clients. This is a priority because it helps detect life-threatening complications early.
B. Review the plan of care and the medications that are due for both clients: While important for planning interventions, reviewing the plan does not address immediate client safety and physiological status, which takes priority.
C. Complete a head-to-toe assessment of the client with pneumonia: A comprehensive assessment is valuable, but initial priority is rapid evaluation of vital signs and consciousness to identify urgent issues in the mechanically ventilated client.
D. Change the surgical dressing to observe the appearance of the incision: Dressing changes are important for infection prevention, but they are not emergent unless there are signs of acute bleeding or infection. Immediate physiologic assessment takes precedence.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Ask the client about gastrointestinal pain: PPIs reduce gastric acid secretion, which relieves symptoms such as heartburn, epigastric pain, and discomfort related to peptic ulcer disease or GERD. Assessing the client’s report of pain evaluates whether the medication is effective.
B. Auscultate for bowel sounds in all quadrants: Bowel sounds indicate gastrointestinal motility rather than acid suppression. PPIs do not directly affect peristalsis, so auscultation is not a reliable measure of drug effectiveness.
C. Measure the client's fluid intake and output: Fluid balance is important in overall patient care but is not a direct indicator of how well a PPI is working. Intake and output monitoring is more relevant to renal or fluid management.
D. Monitor the client's serum electrolyte levels: Electrolyte monitoring may be necessary with prolonged PPI therapy due to risks such as hypomagnesemia, but it does not provide immediate information on short-term medication effectiveness.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Palpate flank area: Flank assessment may help detect kidney tenderness or infection but is not the primary focus for routine suprapubic catheter care unless complications are suspected.
B. Assess perineal area: The suprapubic catheter bypasses the perineal route, so routine perineal assessment is less critical for catheter management, though general hygiene remains important.
C. Measure abdominal girth: Abdominal girth measurement is useful for detecting ascites or abdominal distention but is not directly relevant to monitoring a suprapubic catheter.
D. Observe insertion site: Regular inspection of the catheter insertion site is essential to detect signs of infection, leakage, irritation, or improper placement. This assessment helps ensure catheter function and prevents complications, making it the priority during home visits.
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