The nurse would teach the mother of a boy with Tetralogy of Fallot that if the child suddenly becomes cyanotic and dyspneic, the mother should:

Place him in knee-chest position

Have him lie prone, being sure he can breathe easily

Have him lie supine with the head turned to one side

Place him in semi-fowler's position in an infant seat

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance, which helps to divert more blood to the pulmonary circulation, improving oxygenation in a child experiencing a "tet spell" or hypercyanotic episode.

B. The prone position does not help in relieving cyanosis and dyspnea in Tetralogy of Fallot.

C. The supine position with the head turned does not assist in improving oxygenation during a cyanotic episode.

D. The semi-Fowler's position may aid breathing but is less effective than the knee-chest position in managing cyanotic spells.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Clear drainage from the ear is more indicative of a ruptured tympanic membrane or an external ear infection (otitis externa) rather than otitis media.

B. Pain when manipulating the earlobe is associated with otitis externa, not otitis media.

C. Erythema and edema of the outer ear may occur with otitis externa but are not common in otitis media, which affects the middle ear.

D. Tugging on the ear is a common sign of discomfort in children with otitis media due to pressure and pain in the middle ear.

A. "Take cromolyn sodium at the first sign of breathing difficulty." B. "Avoid triggers that cause an attack." C. "You should stop playing basketball, but you can swim instead." D. "Use the peak expiratory flow meter once per week.”

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cromolyn sodium is a preventive medication and should be taken regularly as prescribed, not at the first sign of breathing difficulty.

B. Avoiding triggers that cause an asthma attack is crucial in asthma management and helps in preventing exacerbations.

C. Exercise can be managed in asthma with appropriate medication; it is not necessary to stop activities like basketball. Swimming may be less likely to trigger asthma symptoms but is not a blanket solution.

D. The peak expiratory flow meter should be used regularly, often daily, to monitor asthma control, not just once per week.

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The nurse would teach the mother of a boy with Tetralogy of Fallot that if the child suddenly becomes cyanotic and dyspneic, the mother should:

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