The patient has been diagnosed with diabetes. When admitted, the patient is unkempt and is in need of a bath and foot care. When questioned about hygiene habits, the nurse learns the patient takes a bath once a week and a sponge bath every other day. To provide ultimate care for this patient, which principle should the nurse keep in mind?

All cultures value cleanliness with the same degree of importance.

Patients who appear unkempt place little importance on hygiene practices.

The patient’s illness may require teaching of new hygiene practices.

Personal preferences determine hygiene practices and are unchangeable.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Cultural values regarding cleanliness vary, so it is inaccurate to assume uniform standards.
B. Judging the patient as placing "little importance" on hygiene due to appearance can lead to biases and does not consider the patient’s routine.
C. Diabetes may necessitate changes in hygiene practices, especially regarding foot care, to prevent complications. Education on optimal hygiene practices is essential for health management in diabetic patients.
D. While personal preferences influence hygiene, they can be adapted with appropriate education and guidance when necessary for health reasons.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A moderate-carbohydrate diet is recommended because carbohydrates increase CO₂ production during metabolism, and limiting excessive carbohydrate intake can help manage CO₂ retention in patients with respiratory issues.
B. Low-caffeine is not directly related to CO₂ retention and does not influence carbon dioxide levels in the body.
C. High-carbohydrate intake can exacerbate CO₂ production, worsening retention issues in patients with compromised lung function.
D. High-caffeine intake is not related to CO₂ retention management and would not impact CO₂ levels in the respiratory system.

A. "Atelectasis affects only those with chronic conditions such as emphysema." B. "Hyperventilation will open up my alveoli, preventing atelectasis." C. "It is important to do breathing exercises every hour to prevent atelectasis." D. "If I develop atelectasis, I will need a chest tube to drain excess fluid."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Atelectasis can occur in anyone, not just those with chronic conditions; this statement is incorrect.
B. While hyperventilation may temporarily open alveoli, it is not a preventative measure for atelectasis.
C. Breathing exercises, such as incentive spirometry or deep breathing, are effective in preventing atelectasis by promoting lung expansion and alveolar ventilation.
D. A chest tube is typically used to remove air or fluid from the pleural space, not for the treatment of atelectasis, which is often managed with respiratory therapies.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is experiencing carbon dioxide retention from lung problems. Which type of diet will the nurse most likely suggest for this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse teaches a patient about atelectasis. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of atelectasis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse and the patient have the same religious affiliation. Which action will the nurse take to support the patient spiritually?

The patient must stay in bed for a bed change. Which actions will the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is caring for an older-adult patient who has been diagnosed with a stroke. Which intervention will the nurse add to the care plan?

A co-worker asks the nurse to explain spirituality. What is the nurse's best response?

In caring for the patient's spiritual needs, the nurse asks 20 questions to assess the patient's relationship with God and a sense of life purpose and satisfaction. Which method is the nurse using?

A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure and cardiac output is decreased. Which formula can the nurse use to calculate cardiac output?

A registered nurse interprets that a scribbled medication prescription reads 25 mg. The nurse administers 25 mg of the medication to a patient and then discovers that the dose was incorrectly interpreted and should have been 15 mg. Who is ultimately responsible for the error?