The PMHNP has just diagnosed a 7-year-old boy with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The boy's mother is adamant she does not want him to take medication, and she asks the PMHNP to tell her about biofeedback. Which of the following is the best response?
"Biofeedback teaches a patient to control their own physiologic responses."
"Biofeedback stimulates the olfactory system to elicit feelings and memories."
"Biofeedback aids in the activity of endorphins by manipulating points of energy flow in the body."
"Biofeedback increases blood circulation, improves lymph flow, and enhances musculoskeletal tone."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is correct. Biofeedback is a behavioral intervention in which individuals learn to regulate physiological processes, such as heart rate, muscle tension, or brain wave activity, to improve attention, reduce stress, and manage symptoms related to ADHD.
Choice B reason: This describes aromatherapy rather than biofeedback and is not accurate for ADHD management.
Choice C reason: This reflects principles of energy medicine or acupuncture, not biofeedback.
Choice D reason: This describes massage or manual therapy effects and does not pertain to the core mechanisms of biofeedback.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: OCD is characterized by obsessions and compulsions. While this patient reports persistent worry, she does not describe intrusive thoughts or ritualistic behaviors typical of OCD.
Choice B reason: Social anxiety disorder is marked by fear and avoidance of social situations. This patient’s worry is pervasive and not limited to social performance.
Choice C reason: This is correct. Generalized anxiety disorder involves chronic, excessive worry across multiple domains for at least six months, accompanied by physical symptoms such as muscle tension, restlessness, and difficulty concentrating, which matches this patient’s presentation.
Choice D reason: Panic disorder is defined by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks with somatic symptoms. This patient’s anxiety is ongoing and generalized, rather than episodic panic attacks.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Lack of social engagement is common in autism spectrum disorder and is not specific for Rett syndrome.
Choice B reason: Lack of imaginative play is also a feature of autism spectrum disorder, making it nonspecific for Rett syndrome.
Choice C reason: This is the correct answer. A hallmark of Rett syndrome is deceleration of head growth beginning around 6 months of age. This feature, in combination with severe psychomotor impairment and stereotypic hand movements, helps differentiate Rett syndrome from autism.
Choice D reason: Lack of eye contact is common in autism spectrum disorder and is not a distinguishing feature of Rett syndrome.
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