The PMHNP is evaluating a 72-year-old patient with a history of ischemic stroke. The patient has difficulty finding words and trouble with activities such as brushing her teeth. Which part of her brain was most likely affected by the stroke?
Right hemisphere
Left hemisphere
Brainstem
Cerebellum
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The right hemisphere primarily governs spatial awareness, attention, and nonverbal processing. Difficulty with language and motor planning is less likely to result from right-sided lesions.
Choice B reason: The left hemisphere typically controls language and fine motor planning, especially in right-handed individuals. Difficulty with word-finding (aphasia) and daily activities (apraxia) suggests involvement of the left hemisphere, consistent with this patient’s deficits.
Choice C reason: The brainstem controls basic vital functions, cranial nerves, and motor/sensory pathways but is not the primary center for language or fine motor planning.
Choice D reason: The cerebellum coordinates movement, balance, and motor learning. Cerebellar lesions typically produce ataxia, dysmetria, and tremor, but not language deficits or apraxia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The Child Behavior Checklist is a broad behavioral screening tool used for children from ages 1.5 to 18 but does not specifically target early signs of autism in toddlers.
Choice B reason: The Conners Teacher Rating Scale is designed to assess behaviors related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school-aged children, not to screen for autism in toddlers.
Choice C reason: The M-CHAT is specifically designed to screen children between 16 and 30 months for early signs of autism spectrum disorder. It identifies risk factors and developmental concerns related to social communication and repetitive behaviors.
Choice D reason: The Vanderbilt Teacher Rating Scale is intended for evaluating ADHD symptoms and behavioral issues in school-aged children and is not appropriate for screening toddlers for autism spectrum disorder.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Acute stress disorder occurs within the first month after a traumatic event, and this scenario involves emotional response to a life transition rather than trauma.
Choice B reason: Adjustment disorder is characterized by emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stressors, such as relocation or life changes, occurring within three months of the stressor. The timing and context of her symptoms fit this diagnosis.
Choice C reason: Conversion disorder involves neurological symptoms without a medical cause and is unrelated to crying spells in response to stressors.
Choice D reason: PTSD requires exposure to a traumatic event involving threat to life or safety, which is not present in this scenario.
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