A lumbar puncture would be contraindicated in a 68-year-old woman suspected of having Alzheimer's disease if she has a history of which of the following?
Acute lower back pain
Osteoporosis
Increased intracranial pressure
Decreased cardiac output
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Acute lower back pain may complicate patient positioning or increase discomfort but is not an absolute contraindication to lumbar puncture.
Choice B reason: Osteoporosis increases fracture risk but does not directly contraindicate lumbar puncture; precautions can be taken.
Choice C reason: This is the correct answer. Increased intracranial pressure is a contraindication because removing cerebrospinal fluid in the setting of elevated intracranial pressure can precipitate brain herniation, which is life-threatening.
Choice D reason: Decreased cardiac output may increase procedural risk but is not an absolute contraindication to performing a lumbar puncture.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: SWS is indeed a rare neurocutaneous disorder affecting both the skin and nervous system, often presenting with facial port-wine stains and neurological symptoms.
Choice B reason: Seizures, hemiparesis, and intellectual disability are well-documented features of SWS, consistent with the patient’s presentation.
Choice C reason: Management of SWS can include anti-seizure medications for seizures, treatment of glaucoma, and occasionally low-dose aspirin to reduce risk of vascular complications; these are accurate clinical features.
Choice D reason: The prognosis for SWS varies widely; many patients survive into adulthood with appropriate management. An average lifespan of 30 years is not accurate, making this statement not a true clinical feature of SWS.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This question assesses disordered eating behaviors and their effect on health, which pertains to nutrition rather than elimination.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. It directly addresses elimination behaviors such as enuresis (urination) or encopresis (defecation) outside of appropriate places, which is relevant for identifying disorders affecting the elimination system.
Choice C reason: This question relates to compulsive behaviors in obsessive-compulsive disorder and is not associated with elimination.
Choice D reason: This question assesses physiological dependence on substances such as alcohol, which involves withdrawal symptoms, not elimination.
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