The mother of a 9-year-old boy explains to the PMHNP that he has a 6-month history of excessive eye blinking and grunting, and he recently began persistently clearing his throat. Assessment of co-occurring conditions is important for understanding the overall functional consequences of tics. Which of the following conditions has been associated with tic disorders?
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
Autism spectrum disorder
Global developmental delay
Intellectual disability
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer. Tic disorders, including Tourette disorder, frequently co-occur with obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders. Compulsive behaviors can exacerbate functional impairment and should be assessed for comprehensive management.
Choice B reason: While tic disorders can co-occur with autism spectrum disorder in some cases, the association is less common and not as characteristic as with OCD-related conditions.
Choice C reason: Global developmental delay is a broader developmental condition and is not typically associated with tic disorders.
Choice D reason: Intellectual disability is not commonly linked to tic disorders; most children with tics have normal cognitive development.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The Child Behavior Checklist is a broad behavioral assessment, not specific for autism, and is more suitable for older children.
Choice B reason: The Conners Teacher Rating Scale is designed to assess ADHD symptoms in school-aged children, not toddlers.
Choice C reason: This is the correct answer. The M-CHAT is a validated screening tool for autism in toddlers aged 16–30 months and is widely used for early detection of autism spectrum disorder.
Choice D reason: The Vanderbilt Teacher Rating Scale is designed for ADHD evaluation in school-aged children and is not appropriate for autism screening in toddlers.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Autism spectrum disorder involves social communication deficits and restricted/repetitive behaviors, but does not typically include deceleration of head growth after normal early development.
Choice B reason: This is correct. Rett syndrome, primarily affecting females, is characterized by normal early development followed by regression, deceleration of head growth (microcephaly), loss of purposeful hand skills, and social and motor impairments. The head growth deceleration at 8 months supports Rett syndrome over ASD.
Choice C reason: Global developmental delay is a diagnosis for children under 5 with delays in multiple developmental domains but does not explain the specific pattern of regression and head growth deceleration seen here.
Choice D reason: Pervasive developmental disorder is an outdated term encompassing ASD and similar conditions; it would not capture the distinctive features of Rett syndrome in this scenario.
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