The practical nurse (PN) enters the room of a client scheduled for a bone density test later in the morning. The client is preparing to eat breakfast and states, "I drink a lot of orange juice because I have osteoporosis. My test today will tell me if the osteoporosis has worsened." How should the PN respond?

Commend the client for ensuring an adequate source of vitamin C in the diet.

Advise the client of the need to remain NPO until the test is completed.

Determine if the client drinks orange juice that has been fortified with calcium.

Correct the client's misunderstanding of the purpose of bone density testing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Commending the client for ensuring an adequate source of vitamin C in the diet is not the best response. While vitamin C is important for overall health, it does not directly impact bone density. The client's focus on orange juice may stem from a misunderstanding of the nutrients that are critical for bone health, such as calcium and vitamin D. A better approach would be to address the specific nutrients that support bone density and clarify any misconceptions.
Choice B reason: Advising the client of the need to remain NPO (nothing by mouth) until the test is completed is not necessary for a bone density test. Bone density tests, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, do not require the client to fast beforehand. Providing this advice would be incorrect and could cause unnecessary concern or confusion for the client.
Choice C reason: Determining if the client drinks orange juice that has been fortified with calcium is a helpful step, but it does not address the immediate need to correct the client's misunderstanding about the purpose of the bone density test. While calcium-fortified orange juice can be beneficial for bone health, the priority should be to ensure the client has accurate information about the test they are undergoing.
Choice D reason: Correcting the client's misunderstanding of the purpose of bone density testing is the most appropriate response. The primary goal of a bone density test is to measure the density of the bones and assess the risk of fractures, not to diagnose or confirm the presence of osteoporosis. By providing clear and accurate information about the test, the practical nurse can help the client understand its purpose and alleviate any misconceptions. This response also opens the door for further education on managing osteoporosis and ensuring the client is receiving the necessary nutrients for bone health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Providing reassurance that hair loss is not usually permanent offers the client some comfort during a challenging time. Informing her that the color and texture may change when it grows back prepares her for potential differences in her hair's appearance post-chemotherapy. This response acknowledges the temporary nature of chemotherapy-induced hair loss while also being honest about the possibility of changes, which helps manage the client's expectations effectively.
Choice B reason: Stating that "people with cancer react differently to chemotherapy" is true, but it is not the most supportive or informative response. It may leave the client feeling uncertain and anxious about the outcome. Providing more specific information about hair regrowth, as in choice A, is more helpful in addressing the client's concerns and providing reassurance.
Choice C reason: While acknowledging that wigs are available is practical, focusing on the possibility that hair might not grow back can be disheartening for the client. It is important to offer hope and positivity where possible, and emphasizing the usual pattern of hair regrowth, as in choice A, is a more supportive approach. If the client does have concerns about wigs, this can be discussed separately.
Choice D reason: Indicating that hair regrowth depends on the amount of drug received is somewhat accurate but lacks the reassurance and positivity provided in choice A. It is important to give the client a clearer understanding that, in most cases, hair loss from chemotherapy is temporary, and hair will generally grow back. This helps alleviate some of the stress associated with the treatment.

A. Initiate contact isolation precautions. B. Explain the need to keep the affected areas dry. C. Prepare the client for allergen testing. D. Review stress reduction strategies with the client.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Initiating contact isolation precautions is not necessary for psoriasis. Psoriasis is not an infectious or contagious condition, so isolation is not required. The focus should be on managing symptoms and providing appropriate care to alleviate the client's discomfort.
Choice B reason: Explaining the need to keep the affected areas dry is not an appropriate action for psoriasis management. Psoriasis is characterized by dry, scaly patches of skin, and keeping the areas dry may worsen the condition. It is important to keep the skin moisturized and hydrated to reduce flaking and discomfort.
Choice C reason: Preparing the client for allergen testing is not relevant in this context. Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition, not an allergic reaction. Allergen testing is not typically used in the diagnosis or management of psoriasis. The focus should be on addressing factors that can exacerbate symptoms, such as stress, infections, and certain medications.
Choice D reason: Reviewing stress reduction strategies with the client is the most appropriate action. Stress is known to be a significant trigger for psoriasis flare-ups. By helping the client identify and implement stress reduction techniques, the PN can assist in managing the client's symptoms and improving their overall well-being. Techniques such as mindfulness, relaxation exercises, and counseling can be beneficial in reducing stress and minimizing psoriasis symptoms.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with psoriasis reports an increase in symptoms. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Four hours after rhinoplasty, a client is swallowing repeatedly. Which priority action should the practical nurse (PN) take?

A client is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which is the first action the practical nurse (PN) should take if the client begins to shake and reports feelings of nausea and vomiting?

A client with Crohn's disease has a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L (130 mmol/L). Which foods should the practical nurse (PN) encourage the client to eat? Reference Range: Sodium: 136 to 145 mEq/L (136 to 145 mmol/L)

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has a fractured right tibia and fibula. To reduce swelling and promote comfort, the PN should place the client in which position?

A client with chronic cirrhosis has esophageal varices. It is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to report which finding to the charge nurse?

A client who received a renal transplant two weeks ago is experiencing a rapid and sudden decrease in urine output in the catheter. Which assessment(s) should the practical nurse (PN) complete before notifying the charge nurse? Select all that apply.