The practical nurse (PN) enters the room of a client scheduled for a bone density test later in the morning. The client is preparing to eat breakfast and states, "I drink a lot of orange juice because I have osteoporosis. My test today will tell me if the osteoporosis has worsened." How should the PN respond?
Commend the client for ensuring an adequate source of vitamin C in the diet.
Advise the client of the need to remain NPO until the test is completed.
Determine if the client drinks orange juice that has been fortified with calcium.
Correct the client's misunderstanding of the purpose of bone density testing.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Commending the client for ensuring an adequate source of vitamin C in the diet is not the best response. While vitamin C is important for overall health, it does not directly impact bone density. The client's focus on orange juice may stem from a misunderstanding of the nutrients that are critical for bone health, such as calcium and vitamin D. A better approach would be to address the specific nutrients that support bone density and clarify any misconceptions.
Choice B reason: Advising the client of the need to remain NPO (nothing by mouth) until the test is completed is not necessary for a bone density test. Bone density tests, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, do not require the client to fast beforehand. Providing this advice would be incorrect and could cause unnecessary concern or confusion for the client.
Choice C reason: Determining if the client drinks orange juice that has been fortified with calcium is a helpful step, but it does not address the immediate need to correct the client's misunderstanding about the purpose of the bone density test. While calcium-fortified orange juice can be beneficial for bone health, the priority should be to ensure the client has accurate information about the test they are undergoing.
Choice D reason: Correcting the client's misunderstanding of the purpose of bone density testing is the most appropriate response. The primary goal of a bone density test is to measure the density of the bones and assess the risk of fractures, not to diagnose or confirm the presence of osteoporosis. By providing clear and accurate information about the test, the practical nurse can help the client understand its purpose and alleviate any misconceptions. This response also opens the door for further education on managing osteoporosis and ensuring the client is receiving the necessary nutrients for bone health.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Administering a PRN prescription for an antiemetic is not the first action to take in this situation. Shaking and feelings of nausea and vomiting during a blood transfusion can indicate a possible transfusion reaction, which is a serious and potentially life-threatening event. While managing symptoms like nausea is important, the immediate priority is to stop the transfusion to prevent further complications.
Choice B reason: Flushing the IV tubing with sodium chloride is not the appropriate first step. Before addressing the IV line, it is crucial to stop the blood infusion to prevent any more blood from entering the client's system, which could exacerbate a potential transfusion reaction. After stopping the infusion, flushing the line can be considered to maintain IV access, but it is not the initial action to take.
Choice C reason: Notifying the healthcare provider is necessary, but it is not the first action to take. Immediate intervention is required to prevent further administration of the potentially problematic blood product. Once the infusion is stopped, the healthcare provider should be notified promptly so that appropriate assessments and interventions can be initiated.
Choice D reason: Turning off the blood infusion is the first and most critical action to take. This step immediately stops the administration of the blood product, preventing further exposure to the potential cause of the reaction. Once the infusion is stopped, the PN can then proceed to assess the client's vital signs, notify the healthcare provider, and follow the institution's protocol for managing transfusion reactions. Ensuring the client's safety by stopping the infusion is the top priority.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Driving a car is an activity that should be limited until after the first postoperative visit. Postoperative clients might experience discomfort, dizziness, or medication side effects that can impair their ability to drive safely. The stress and physical demands of driving can also affect the healing process, so it's important to avoid this activity until the healthcare provider gives clearance.
Choice B reason: Eating high-fiber foods is generally encouraged postoperatively to prevent constipation and ensure smooth bowel movements. There is no reason to limit high-fiber foods after a transurethral prostatectomy unless otherwise specified by the healthcare provider.
Choice C reason: Kegel exercises can help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles and are often recommended after prostate surgery to improve bladder control. However, it is important to follow the healthcare provider's guidance on when to start these exercises and how frequently they should be done.
Choice D reason: Walking around the house is a light activity that can aid in recovery by promoting circulation and preventing blood clots. It is usually recommended to start light activity soon after surgery, unless contraindicated by the healthcare provider.
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