The primary health care provider has determined that a client has contracted hepatitis A based on flu-like symptoms and jaundice. Which statement made by the client supports this medical diagnosis?
"I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant."
"I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles."
"I had a blood transfusion in 1980 after major abdominal surgery."
"I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason: "I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant." supports the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, which is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is transmitted by fecal-oral route, meaning that it can be contracted by ingesting contaminated food or water, such as raw or undercooked shellfish from polluted waters. The incubation period for hepatitis A is about two to six weeks.
Choice B Reason: "I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles." does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by sharing needles, syringes, or other injection equipment with infected people.
Choice C Reason: "I had a blood transfusion in 1980 after major abdominal surgery." does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by receiving blood transfusions or organ transplants from infected donors. However, since 1992, all donated blood in the United States has been screened for HBV and HCV.
Choice D Reason: "I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners." does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by having unprotected sex with infected people. However, sexual transmission of HAV is rare, unless there is contact with fecal matter.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: The burned area is yellow in color with severe edema is not a finding of a deep partial-thickness burn, but a superficial partial-thickness burn. A superficial partial-thickness burn involves the epidermis and the upper layer of the dermis, causing pain, redness, swelling, and blistering.
Choice B Reason: The burned area is black in color and pain is absent is not a finding of a deep partial-thickness burn, but a full-thickness burn. A full-thickness burn involves the epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissues, causing necrosis, charred skin, and loss of sensation.
Choice C Reason:This description aligns with a superficial partial-thickness (first-degree or mild second-degree) burn rather than a deep partial-thickness burn. Superficial partial-thickness burns involve the epidermis and the upper portion of the dermis. These burns appear pink or red, often accompanied by moisture and blister formation due to fluid leakage from damaged capillaries. They are painful because nerve endings remain intact. Healing occurs within 10 to 21 days without significant scarring.
Choice D Reason:Deep partial-thickness burns extend deeper into the dermis, damaging a larger portion of skin structures, including sweat glands and hair follicles. These burns typically appear red or white and may have a soft eschar (dead tissue), which differentiates them from more superficial burns that do not develop eschar. Unlike full-thickness burns, nerve endings remain partially intact, so the patient may still experience some pain. These burns take more than 21 days to heal and often require skin grafting to prevent complications such as contractures or hypertrophic scarring.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because full vision loss in one eye does not necessarily mean that the person is legally blind. Legal blindness depends on the visual acuity and visual field of both eyes.
Choice B Reason: This is correct because legal blindness is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as having a visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye with the best possible correction, such as glasses or contact lenses. This means that the person can see at 20 feet what a normal person can see at 200 feet.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because inability to see clearly from 200 feet away without corrective lenses may indicate nearsightedness or myopia, but not legal blindness. Nearsightedness can be corrected with lenses or surgery.
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because bilateral visual impairment of 20/60 or greater does not meet the criteria for legal blindness. Visual impairment is defined by WHO as having a visual acuity of less than 20/60 but better than 20/200 in the better eye with the best possible correction.
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