What are included in age-related cardiovascular changes? (Select all that apply.)
Decreased resting cardiac output
Increased risk for heart attack
Increased blood pressure
Increased coronary blood flow
Decreased rigidity of the heart
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Decreased resting cardiac output
Cardiac output decreases due to reduced myocardial efficiency and heart muscle compliance.
B. Increased risk for heart attack
Atherosclerosis and vascular stiffness raise the risk of myocardial infarction.
C. Increased blood pressure
Arterial stiffness and decreased elasticity lead to increased systolic blood pressure.
D. Increased coronary blood flow
Blood flow may actually decrease due to narrowing of coronary arteries.
E. Decreased rigidity of the heart
Aging causes the heart muscle to increase in rigidity (i.e., become stiffer), not decrease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Decreased secretion of saliva
This is not a normal part of aging; if present, it's often due to medications or illness.
B. Increased acidity of saliva
Salivary composition doesn’t change significantly with age; this is not a recognized normal change.
C. Decreased gastric emptying
Aging can slow down GI motility, leading to delayed gastric emptying, which can contribute to fullness or indigestion.
D. Increased peristalsis
GI peristalsis slows with age, increasing the risk of constipation, not increasing motility.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Fear
May be present, but persistent withdrawal is more characteristic of depression.
B. Stubbornness
Labeling the behavior as stubborn overlooks underlying psychological concerns.
C. Exhaustion
Fatigue may contribute, but alone does not fully explain the behavioral pattern.
D. Depression
Social withdrawal, appetite changes, and lack of interest are common signs of depression in older adults.
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