The nurse is taking care of a 80-year-old patient whose blood pressure is 156/96 mm Hg. What is an age-related cause of this blood pressure?
Arteries dilate, lengthen, and become more rigid
Chronic hypoxic state of the brain
Arteries constrict, lengthen and become more rigid.
Decreased heart rate and stroke volume
The Correct Answer is C
A. Arteries dilate, lengthen, and become more rigid
Arteries do not typically dilate; they narrow and stiffen with age.
B. Chronic hypoxic state of the brain
May affect mental function, not a direct cause of high BP.
C. Arteries constrict, lengthen and become more rigid
Arterial stiffness and loss of elasticity increase systemic vascular resistance, contributing to hypertension.
D. Decreased heart rate and stroke volume
May occur, but these typically cause lower, not higher, blood pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dementia: Usually presents with memory loss and cognitive decline, not primarily with low energy, insomnia, or anorexia.
B. Sarcopenia: This is muscle mass loss, which may cause weakness but is not associated with insomnia or anorexia.
C. Depression: In older adults, depression often presents with physical complaints like low energy, sleep disturbances, and appetite loss, even when labs are normal.
D. Diabetes: May cause fatigue, but typically includes additional findings like polyuria, polydipsia, and abnormal labs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Constipation
Not part of SPICES. While bowel patterns are important, they are not included in this acronym.
B. Caregiver
SPICES is a patient-centered assessment tool, not focused on the caregiver.
C. Confusion
SPICES stands for: Sleep disorders, Problems with eating or feeding, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, Skin breakdown.
D. Continence
"I" in SPICES stands for Incontinence, not "C".
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