What client is a susceptible host most at risk for infection?

A client with leukemia

A child who is immunized

A 60yearold client

A hospitalized 35yearold client

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: A client with leukemia is a susceptible host most at risk for infection. Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood cells, especially the white blood cells, which are responsible for fighting infections. Leukemia causes the production of abnormal and immature white blood cells that cannot function properly and crowd out the normal ones. This leads to a condition called leukopenia, which is a low level of white blood cells. Leukopenia makes the client more vulnerable to infection by reducing the immune system's ability to defend against pathogens.

Choice B reason: A child who is immunized is not a susceptible host most at risk for infection. Immunization is a process that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against a specific disease. Immunization protects the child from getting infected by the disease or reduces the severity of the infection if it occurs. Immunization also prevents the spread of the disease to other people who are not immunized or who are immunocompromised.

Choice C reason: A 60yearold client is not a susceptible host most at risk for infection. Age is a factor that may influence the susceptibility to infection, but it is not the most important one. Older adults may have a weaker immune system due to aging, chronic diseases, or medications, but they may also have a stronger immune memory due to previous exposure to pathogens. The risk of infection in older adults depends on their overall health status, lifestyle, and preventive measures.

Choice D reason: A hospitalized 35yearold client is not a susceptible host most at risk for infection. Hospitalization is a factor that may increase the exposure to infection, but it is not the most significant one. Hospitalized clients may encounter various sources of infection, such as health care workers, other clients, medical equipment, or invasive procedures, but they may also receive adequate infection control measures, such as hand hygiene, isolation, sterilization, or prophylaxis. The risk of infection in hospitalized clients depends on their diagnosis, treatment, and compliance.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not the highest priority client because a urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common and treatable condition that affects the lower urinary system, such as the bladder or urethra. A fever of 38.5°C and flank pain can indicate that the infection has spread to the upper urinary system, such as the kidneys, which can cause pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is a serious but not lifethreatening complication that requires antibiotic therapy and hydration. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, urine output, and pain level and administer the prescribed medication and fluids.

Choice B reason: This is not the highest priority client because a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, usually in the lower extremities. A positive Homans' sign and edema in the affected leg can indicate that the clot is causing inflammation and obstruction of the blood flow. DVT is a serious but not lifethreatening complication that requires anticoagulant therapy and compression therapy. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, leg circumference, and pain level and administer the prescribed medication and stockings.

Choice C reason: This is the highest priority client because a myocardial infarction (MI) is a heart attack that occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing tissue damage or death. Chest pain and shortness of breath can indicate that the client is experiencing acute cardiac ischemia, which can lead to cardiac arrest or heart failure. MI is a lifethreatening emergency that requires immediate intervention and treatment. The nurse should activate the rapid response team, monitor the client's vital signs, electrocardiogram, and oxygen saturation, and administer the prescribed medication and oxygen.

Choice D reason: This is not the highest priority client because a stroke is a brain attack that occurs when the blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, causing tissue damage or death. Slurred speech and facial droop can indicate that the client is experiencing acute neurological impairment, which can affect their communication and facial expression. Stroke is a serious but not lifethreatening complication that requires prompt evaluation and treatment. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, neurological status, and glucose level and administer the prescribed medication and fluids.

A. Polyuria B. Edema C. Heat D. Erythema E. Pain

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Polyuria is the production of abnormally large amounts of urine, which can be caused by various factors, such as diabetes, kidney disease, or diuretics. Polyuria is not an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation does not affect the urinary system directly, unless the inflammation is located in the kidneys or bladder.

Choice B reason: Edema is the swelling of tissues due to excess fluid accumulation, which can be caused by various factors, such as heart failure, liver disease, or venous insufficiency. Edema is not an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation does not cause fluid retention, but rather fluid leakage from the blood vessels into the interstitial spaces.

Choice C reason: Heat is an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Heat is caused by the increased blood flow to the inflamed area, which brings more oxygen and nutrients to the damaged tissues. Heat also helps to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms that may cause infection.

Choice D reason: Erythema is an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Erythema is the redness of the skin due to the dilation of the blood vessels in the inflamed area, which increases the blood flow and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the damaged tissues. Erythema also helps to signal the presence of inflammation and attract immune cells to the site.

Choice E reason: Pain is an expected finding in a client with inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Pain is caused by the stimulation of the nerve endings by chemical mediators, such as histamine, prostaglandins, and bradykinin, that are released by the inflamed tissues. Pain also helps to alert the client of the injury or infection and to limit the movement or use of the affected area.

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What client is a susceptible host most at risk for infection?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The most appropriate response by the nurse is:"Ice packs can be used to reduce swelling but should be removed after 20 minutes."The nurse is caring for four clients. Which of these clients will the nurse see first?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is the edited text:What is not an expected assessment finding in a client with inflammation? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

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