What factor influences whether a chemical exposure may lead to adverse health effects?
The smell of the chemical
The taste of the chemical
The exposed person's age
The exposed person's eye color
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. While a chemical’s smell may indicate its presence, it does not determine how harmful it is or whether exposure will cause adverse effects. Some toxic chemicals are odorless, yet highly dangerous.
B. Taste is also not a reliable factor for toxicity. Chemicals can be poisonous even if tasteless, and relying on taste could increase exposure risk.
C. Age is a significant factor influencing susceptibility to chemical toxicity. Infants, young children, and older adults may have immature or declining detoxification systems, differences in body composition, and weaker immune responses, making them more vulnerable to adverse effects from chemical exposure. Age affects absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of chemicals, altering their impact on health.
D. Eye color has no effect on chemical susceptibility or toxicity. This characteristic does not influence how the body responds to chemical exposure.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While a chemical’s smell may indicate its presence, it does not determine how harmful it is or whether exposure will cause adverse effects. Some toxic chemicals are odorless, yet highly dangerous.
B. Taste is also not a reliable factor for toxicity. Chemicals can be poisonous even if tasteless, and relying on taste could increase exposure risk.
C. Age is a significant factor influencing susceptibility to chemical toxicity. Infants, young children, and older adults may have immature or declining detoxification systems, differences in body composition, and weaker immune responses, making them more vulnerable to adverse effects from chemical exposure. Age affects absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of chemicals, altering their impact on health.
D. Eye color has no effect on chemical susceptibility or toxicity. This characteristic does not influence how the body responds to chemical exposure.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Artificial active immunity occurs when a person produces their own antibodies in response to a vaccine or other immunization. This is not how a fetus gains immunity from maternal antibodies.
B. Natural passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from one person to another naturally, without vaccination or direct exposure. In the case of a fetus, IgG antibodies cross the placenta from mother to fetus, providing temporary protection against infections the mother is immune to. This immunity is short-term, lasting only a few months after birth, until the infant’s immune system can produce its own antibodies.
C. Artificial passive immunity occurs when pre-formed antibodies are injected into an individual, such as immunoglobulin therapy after exposure to hepatitis B or rabies. This is not the natural transfer from mother to fetus.
D. Natural active immunity occurs when a person produces their own antibodies after natural infection with a pathogen. The fetus is not exposed to the infection, so immunity is not active.
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