What is a hallmark symptom of diabetic ketoaldosis (DKA)?

Cold sweats

Bradycardia

Cyanosis

Kussmaul respirations

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Cold sweats are more commonly associated with hypoglycemia, not DKA.
B. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical finding in DKA, where tachycardia is more likely due to dehydration.
C. Cyanosis (bluish discoloration) is seen in severe respiratory or cardiac conditions, not a hallmark of DKA.
D. Kussmaul respirations (deep, rapid breathing) are a hallmark sign of DKA. They represent the body’s attempt to compensate for metabolic acidosis by blowing off excess CO₂.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Adolescents and teens generally have more stable liver and kidney function, so they are less likely to have complications from preanesthetic drugs.
B. Older adults are at higher risk due to age-related changes in liver and kidney function, which slow the metabolism and excretion of medications. They are also more likely to have comorbidities and may take multiple medications that can interact with anesthesia.
C. Obese patients do face some risk due to altered drug distribution and respiratory issues, but not as high as older adults regarding drug metabolism and sensitivity.
D. Infants are vulnerable too, especially neonates, due to immature liver and renal systems, but older adults still generally face greater risk from preanesthetic drugs due to accumulated comorbidities and physiological decline.

A. The patient's current weight. B. The presence of the swallow reflex. C. The patient has an appetite. D. Adequate pulse and blood pressure readings.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While weight is important for overall nutritional monitoring, it is not directly related to the safety of resuming oral intake.

B. Before initiating any oral intake, especially in a patient who has been NPO, it is critical to assess for a functioning swallow reflex to prevent aspiration.

C. Appetite does not ensure that the patient can safely swallow or tolerate oral intake.

D. Vital signs are important but do not determine swallowing safety or aspiration risk.

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What is a hallmark symptom of diabetic ketoaldosis (DKA)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which group of individuals is at a higher risk of complications from preanesthetic drugs? Select one:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient is receiving total parenteral nutrition and has been NPO postoperatively. The physician ordered small amounts of clear liquids today. The nurse's priority is to ensure which criterion is addressed before giving the patient anything by mouth? Select one:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is monitoring a client who had a kidney biopsy for postoperative complications. The nurse understands that the client is at risk for which potential serious complication? Select one:

The nurse is assisting with preoperative preparation of a client scheduled for surgery. The nurse understands that which of the following are true regarding valid surgical consent? surgery

A family caregiver expresses feeling overwhelmed and exhausted. What is the nurse's best action? Select one:

The licensed prescriber orders Gaviscon 30 ml po four times a day. Gaviscon is supplied in 360-mL bottles. How many mLs will be given in 1 day?

The client is to receive spironolactone 150 mg daily. How many tablets, per dose, should the nurse administer if spironolactone 50 mg tablets are available? Round to the nearest whole number.

A nurse finds a patient who has type 1 diabetes mellitus lying in bed, sweating, tachycardic, and reports feeling light-headed and shaky. Which complication should the nurse expect? Select one:

A client who is 6 hours post-op from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy reports difficulty breathing and sharp chest pain. What is the first action the nurse should take?

The cancer patient who is undergoing radiation and chemotherapy has lost 10 pounds in the past 3 weeks. The nurse can attribute this weight loss to: Select one: