What is a side effect of heparin?
Bleeding
Hyperglycemia
Constipation
Thrombus
The Correct Answer is A
A. Bleeding: Heparin enhances the activity of antithrombin III, which inhibits clotting factors and prolongs clotting time. This mechanism increases the risk for bleeding, making it the most common and clinically significant adverse effect requiring close monitoring.
B. Hyperglycemia: Heparin does not interfere with insulin secretion or glucose metabolism. Elevated blood glucose levels are more commonly associated with corticosteroids, stress responses, or uncontrolled diabetes rather than anticoagulant therapy.
C. Constipation: Heparin does not affect gastrointestinal motility. Constipation is more frequently linked to opioid analgesics, anticholinergic medications, or reduced fluid and fiber intake.
D. Thrombus: Heparin is used to prevent and treat thrombus formation by inhibiting coagulation pathways. While heparin-induced thrombocytopenia can paradoxically increase clot risk, thrombus formation is not a typical direct side effect.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hold medication if heart rate is greater than 60 bpm: Beta-blockers are typically held if the heart rate is less than 60 bpm, not greater. Administering the medication when the heart rate is above 60 bpm is generally safe, so this instruction is inaccurate.
B. Report signs of liver damage, including dark-colored urine: While some medications can affect liver function, beta-blockers rarely cause liver toxicity. Monitoring for liver damage is not a standard teaching point for typical beta-blocker use unless the client has preexisting liver disease.
C. Stop taking this medication if you experience dizziness: Abruptly stopping beta-blockers can precipitate rebound hypertension or tachycardia, which can be dangerous. Clients should be instructed to notify their healthcare provider rather than independently discontinuing the medication.
D. Sexual dysfunction may occur with this medication: Beta-blockers can cause side effects such as erectile dysfunction or decreased libido. Educating the client about potential sexual side effects helps set expectations and encourages open discussion with the healthcare provider if symptoms develop.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Chicken breast: Chicken breast is low in vitamin K and does not significantly affect warfarin’s anticoagulant effect. Regular consumption does not require adjustment in warfarin dosing, so it is generally safe to eat without major concern.
B. Brussels sprouts: Brussels sprouts are high in vitamin K, which can interfere with warfarin’s effectiveness by promoting clotting. Sudden increases or decreases in intake can cause fluctuations in INR levels, making it essential for clients to maintain a consistent intake.
C. Whole milk: Whole milk contains minimal vitamin K and does not significantly impact warfarin therapy. While it provides nutrients, it does not pose a risk for altering anticoagulation and does not require dietary restrictions for warfarin management.
D. Salami: Salami is high in sodium and fat but low in vitamin K, so it does not directly affect warfarin activity. While clients should monitor overall diet for cardiovascular health, salami intake does not necessitate strict control for anticoagulation purposes.
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