What is the characteristic of dishonest behavior in children ages 8 to 10 years?

The correct answer is Choice D: Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures.

Choice A rationale:

Recommending salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts is not relevant to the prevention of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is primarily associated with untreated streptococcal infections, particularly streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), which can lead to complications such as rheumatic fever if left untreated. The choice of pain relievers like salicylates or acetaminophen doesn't play a significant role in preventing rheumatic fever.

Choice B rationale:

Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings is not relevant to the prevention of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is an immune-mediated inflammatory response to certain strains of Streptococcus bacteria, particularly Streptococcus pyogenes. Cholesterol screenings are more related to assessing cardiovascular risk and are not directly linked to preventing rheumatic fever.

Choice C rationale:

Conducting routine blood pressure screenings is not directly related to the prevention of rheumatic fever. Blood pressure screenings are important for identifying hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors, but they do not have a direct impact on preventing rheumatic fever, which is primarily a complication of untreated streptococcal infections.

Choice D rationale:

Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures. This is the correct choice. Rheumatic fever often develops as a result of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat). Throat cultures are crucial for diagnosing streptococcal infections and determining the appropriate course of treatment with antibiotics. By identifying and treating streptococcal infections promptly, the risk of developing rheumatic fever can be significantly reduced.

The correct answers are choices A, B, and D.

Choice A rationale:

Decreased urinary output can be a sign of heart failure, especially in infants. In heart failure, the heart's ability to pump effectively can lead to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, resulting in decreased urine production.

Choice B rationale:

Sweating (inappropriate) is a symptom of heart failure in infants. Infants with heart failure might sweat excessively, especially while feeding or crying, due to the effort required by the heart to pump blood effectively.

Choice C rationale:

Warm flushed extremities are not typically associated with heart failure in infants. In heart failure, extremities might actually become cool and pale due to poor circulation.

Choice D rationale:

Anorexia, or a lack of appetite, is a common sign in infants with heart failure. The increased effort required for feeding due to compromised cardiac function can lead to poor feeding and decreased appetite.

Choice E rationale:

Weight loss can occur in infants with heart failure due to inadequate caloric intake, difficulty with feeding, and increased metabolic demands associated with heart failure. However, it's not as specific a sign as decreased urinary output, sweating, and anorexia.