The diet of a child with chronic renal failure is usually characterized as:.
Supplemented with vitamins A, E, and K.
High in protein.
Low in vitamin D.
Low in phosphorus.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is choice D: Low in phosphorus.
Choice A rationale:
Supplemented with vitamins A, E, and K is not the characteristic of the diet for a child with chronic renal failure. While vitamin supplementation might be necessary in some cases, the primary dietary considerations in chronic renal failure are related to managing electrolyte imbalances, fluid retention, and waste buildup due to compromised kidney function.
Choice B rationale:
High in protein is not the recommended characteristic of the diet for a child with chronic renal failure. Kidneys affected by chronic renal failure have a reduced ability to filter and excrete waste products from protein metabolism. Excessive protein intake can lead to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products, potentially worsening the condition and contributing to uremia.
Choice C rationale:
Low in vitamin D is not the primary characteristic of the diet for a child with chronic renal failure. Vitamin D metabolism can be affected by kidney dysfunction, but the focus of the diet in chronic renal failure is primarily on managing electrolyte levels, particularly phosphorus and potassium, as well as controlling fluid intake.
Choice D rationale:
Low in phosphorus is the correct characteristic of the diet for a child with chronic renal failure. Impaired kidney function in chronic renal failure leads to difficulty in excreting phosphorus, which can result in elevated blood phosphorus levels. High phosphorus levels can contribute to bone and mineral disorders and cardiovascular complications. Therefore, a diet low in phosphorus is crucial to prevent these complications and manage the progression of the disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C: Oral rehydration solution (ORS).
Choice A rationale:
Clear liquids, 1 to 2 ounces at a time, might not be sufficient to adequately rehydrate a child with severe dehydration. Clear liquids lack the necessary electrolytes and glucose content to effectively combat dehydration and replace lost fluids.
Choice B rationale:
Administration of antidiarrheal medication is not the initial step in managing severe dehydration caused by acute diarrhea and vomiting. Antidiarrheal medications can slow down the gastrointestinal motility, which may exacerbate the problem by delaying the elimination of the causative agent and prolonging the dehydration.
Choice C rationale:
Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the recommended initial intervention for managing severe dehydration caused by acute diarrhea and vomiting. ORS contains the appropriate balance of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride) and glucose to replace lost fluids and electrolytes, thereby helping to rehydrate the child effectively. It is absorbed even when digestion is impaired due to the illness.
Choice D rationale:
Intravenous fluids might be necessary if the child's condition is very severe and oral intake cannot be maintained. However, it's not the first-line intervention. Oral rehydration is preferred whenever feasible because it is less invasive and can be administered even in mild to moderate dehydration cases.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice E. Board games.
Choice A rationale:
Computer games might not be the best choice for a child with osteomyelitis. These games involve prolonged screen time and limited physical movement, which could potentially hinder the child's recovery.
Choice B rationale:
Paper and paints involve a level of physical activity that might not be suitable for a child with osteomyelitis. The child's movement might be restricted due to the condition, and activities that require fine motor skills might not be comfortable for them.
Choice C rationale:
Jack-in-the-box involves sudden surprises and might startle the child, which could be detrimental to their recovery. Children with osteomyelitis might be dealing with pain and discomfort, so it's important to avoid activities that could cause unnecessary distress.
Choice D rationale:
Stuffed animals might be a comforting option for the child. However, the child might also experience pain or discomfort when handling stuffed animals due to their condition. It's better to choose activities that don't involve physical contact that could potentially exacerbate the child's symptoms.
Choice E rationale:
Board games are a suitable choice for a child with osteomyelitis. They provide mental stimulation and entertainment without requiring excessive physical activity. Board games also promote social interaction if played with others, which is important for the child's emotional well-being during their hospital stay.
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