What is the name of the part of the distal convoluted tubule wall that is a part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Vasa recta
Pedicel
Bowman's capsule
Macula densa
The Correct Answer is D
A. Vasa recta: This is a group of capillaries around the nephron loop (loop of Henle), not part of the distal convoluted tubule.
B. Pedicel: These are foot-like projections of podocytes in the glomerulus, not part of the distal convoluted tubule.
C. Bowman's capsule: This surrounds the glomerulus and is part of the filtration process, not the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
D. Macula densa: The macula densa is a group of cells located in the wall of the distal convoluted tubule that senses sodium concentration and regulates blood pressure and filtration rate.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Blood pumped into a ventricle in one minute: This describes venous return but not cardiac output.
B. Blood pumped into the atria in one minute: Cardiac output measures blood leaving the heart, not entering the atria.
C. Blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute: Cardiac output is the amount of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute. It is calculated by multiplying stroke volume (the amount of blood ejected per beat) by heart rate.
D. Blood pumped out of an atrium in one minute: This describes atrial function but is not related to the definition of cardiac output.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Gastrin: Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion in the stomach, not pancreatic bicarbonate.
B. Secretin: Secretin stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate, which neutralizes stomach acid in the duodenum.
C. Somatostatin: Somatostatin inhibits many digestive processes, including the release of digestive hormones, not bicarbonate.
D. Cholecystokinin (CCK): CCK stimulates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas but not bicarbonate.
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