What is the primary role of the mineral iron in physical activity?
Iron assists with nervous system function
Iron is responsible for the transport of oxygen to cells
Iron is used for energy production from carbohydrates
Iron maintains blood volume and blood pressure
The Correct Answer is B
A. While iron plays a role in certain enzymatic reactions in the body, its primary function is not directly related to nervous system function. Nervous system health depends on other nutrients like B vitamins, particularly B12.
B. Iron is essential for oxygen transport in the body. It is a key component of hemoglobin in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle cells. Hemoglobin binds oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues throughout the body, while myoglobin stores and delivers oxygen within muscle cells, supporting energy production during physical activity. Adequate iron is critical for endurance, performance, and preventing fatigue. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, and impaired physical performance.
C. Iron is not directly used to generate energy from carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are metabolized via glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to produce ATP, but iron’s role is indirect, mainly as a component of hemoglobin and iron-containing enzymes that support oxidative metabolism.
D. While iron deficiency can indirectly affect blood oxygenation and overall cardiovascular function, iron does not directly maintain blood volume or blood pressure. Blood volume is regulated by water balance and electrolytes, while blood pressure depends on vascular resistance, cardiac output, and fluid status.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bone tissue is composed of osteocytes, which are mature bone cells embedded in a mineralized matrix. Osteocytes help maintain bone structure, regulate mineral content, and communicate with other bone cells to support bone remodeling and repair. Bone tissue provides structural support, protects vital organs, facilitates movement by serving as attachment sites for muscles, and stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.
B. Liver tissue is made up of hepatocytes, not osteocytes. The liver functions in metabolism, detoxification, and bile production, rather than providing structural support like bone tissue.
C. Lymph is a fluid tissue composed of lymphocytes and other immune cells, not osteocytes. It plays a role in immune defense and fluid balance, not skeletal support.
D. Blood is a connective tissue composed of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets suspended in plasma. It does not contain osteocytes and functions primarily in transport of oxygen, nutrients, waste, and immune cells.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Vision changes in older adults, such as presbyopia, cataracts, or macular degeneration, are caused by age-related alterations in the eyes themselves, not by saliva production. Vision decline is independent of oral secretions.
B. Smell depends on olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity. Although aging can reduce the sensitivity of smell receptors (hyposmia), this is unrelated to saliva levels, so decreased saliva does not impair olfactory function.
C. Hearing loss, often due to presbycusis or damage to inner ear structures, is not influenced by saliva production. The auditory system, not the oral cavity, governs hearing function.
D. Taste is directly affected by saliva production. Saliva is essential for dissolving food particles so that taste buds on the tongue can detect flavors. In older adults, reduced saliva production, called xerostomia or dry mouth, can diminish perception of sweet, salty, sour, and bitter flavors, make chewing and swallowing more difficult, increase the risk of dental caries and oral infections, and reduce appetite, potentially leading to nutritional deficiencies. Because taste and flavor perception depend on adequate saliva, a decrease can significantly affect food enjoyment and nutritional intake. Managing dry mouth with hydration, sugar-free gum, saliva substitutes, and proper oral hygiene helps maintain taste perception and overall nutrition.
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