Carbohydrates are
a group of organic compounds containing lithium, hydrogen, and oxygen,
a group of inorganic compounds containing hydrogen, and oxygen
a group of organic compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen.
a group of organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
The Correct Answer is D
A. Carbohydrates do not contain lithium. Lithium is not a naturally occurring element in organic compounds relevant to nutrition or energy metabolism in the human body, so this option is incorrect.
B. Carbohydrates are classified as organic compounds because they contain carbon bonded to hydrogen and oxygen. While they do contain hydrogen and oxygen, being an organic molecule requires the presence of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Therefore, calling them inorganic is incorrect.
C. Carbohydrates do not contain nitrogen as a primary component. Nitrogen is found in proteins and nucleic acids but is not part of the basic chemical structure of carbohydrates.
D. Carbohydrates are a group of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, typically with a hydrogen-to-oxygen ratio of 2:1, similar to water (H₂O). They are a primary source of energy for the body because they can be broken down into glucose, which is used in cellular respiration to produce ATP, the energy currency of cells. Carbohydrates also serve as storage molecules, such as glycogen in animals and starch in plants, and structural molecules, like cellulose in plant cell walls and chitin in the exoskeletons of some animals. They are classified into monosaccharides (simple sugars like glucose and fructose), disaccharides (such as sucrose and lactose), and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, and cellulose), each serving distinct roles in energy provision, storage, and structural support.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A body fluid percentage of 15–25% is too low for a healthy adult. Such low levels would indicate severe dehydration or an unusually low water content, which is not typical of normal physiology.
B. In a healthy adult, body fluids typically account for 50–70% of total body weight. This includes both intracellular fluid (inside cells, about two-thirds of total body water) and extracellular fluid (outside cells, including plasma, interstitial fluid, and minor components). Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining cell function, regulating body temperature, transporting nutrients and oxygen, and removing waste products. Factors like age, sex, and body composition can influence the exact percentage; for example, men usually have a slightly higher percentage of body water than women due to higher lean muscle mass.
C. A body water percentage of 25–40% is lower than normal for healthy adults and may indicate dehydration or abnormal body composition.
D. A percentage of 80–90% is typical only for newborns, not adults. Infants have higher body water content relative to body weight, which gradually decreases as they grow.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Preparing and serving foods in fun, visually appealing ways can encourage toddlers to try new foods and develop positive associations with healthy eating. This strategy may include using colorful plates, arranging fruits and vegetables into shapes, or offering foods in small, manageable pieces. Early exposure to a variety of healthy foods helps shape long-term preferences and supports balanced nutrition during growth and development.
B. Restricting toddlers from participating in food-related activities, like shopping or meal selection, misses an opportunity to engage them in making healthy choices. Involvement in food preparation can increase interest and willingness to try new foods.
C. Using dessert as a reward for finishing meals may create unhealthy associations between food and behavior, leading to preference for sweets and overeating of less nutritious foods. Positive reinforcement should focus on praise and modeling healthy eating, not on dessert bribes.
D. Providing larger portion sizes can overwhelm toddlers and increase the risk of overeating. Toddlers have small stomach capacities, and appropriate portion sizes should be small and manageable, allowing them to self-regulate hunger cues.
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